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Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy in Athletes Pre- and Post-Season Demonstrates Consistent Pattern of Frontal Cortical Activation with King-Devick Testing
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Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy in Athletes Pre- and Post-Season Demonstrates Consistent Pattern of Frontal Cortical Activation with King-Devick Testing

Kristy Arbogast, Christina Master, Fairuz Mohammed, Eileen Storey, Olivia Podolak, Shelly Sharma, Catherine McDonald and Hasan Ayaz
Frontiers in human neuroscience, v 12
2018
url
https://doi.org/10.3389/conf.fnhum.2018.227.00072View
Published, Version of Record (VoR) Open CC BY V4.0

Abstract

Pre-injury testing of athletes has become an area of great interest in concussion care since the deficits that result after concussion may be mild, individualized, clinically subtle, and difficult to detect without a pre-injury comparison. In particular, the King-Devick (KD) test, a rapid number naming reading card test, has been found to be useful in identifying those with acute concussion, even in the sideline setting, especially in the context of comparison to a pre-injury test (Galetta et al., 2011). It has also been described that subjects exhibit a learning effect with faster times upon repeat administration of the KD test in healthy controls, such that any prolongation compared to a pre-injury score would raise concern for concussion. As a strategy to help objectively identify the deficits associated with concussion, there has been great interest in the use of functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) as a portable means of quantifying cognitive load via measurements of oxygenation change during task performance (Ayaz et al, 2013). Understanding cognitive workload in the uninjured state is important as a comparator in order to improve our interpretation of differences in oxygenation change observed in the injured state. We hypothesize that fNIRS would detect differences in cognitive workload in healthy uninjured controls, and that the pattern would be consistent with that of a learning effect, where the task becomes easier to perform upon repeat administration.

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