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HIV+ diagnoses during pregnancy increases risk of IPV postpartum among women with no history of IPV in their relationship
Abstract   Open access

HIV+ diagnoses during pregnancy increases risk of IPV postpartum among women with no history of IPV in their relationship

Allison K Groves, Heather Luz McNaughton-Reyes, Dhayendre Moodley and Suzanne Maman
Oral abstracts of the 21st International AIDS Conference 18–22 July 2016, Durban, South Africa, v 19(6 Suppl 5), pp 19-19
Jul 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7448/ias.19.6.21264
PMID: 27460772
url
https://doi.org/10.7448/ias.19.6.21264View
Published, Version of Record (VoR)CC BY V4.0,  Open

Abstract

Acquired immune deficiency syndrome Deoxyribonucleic acid Diet Genotype & phenotype HIV Human immunodeficiency virus Infections Lungs Plasma T cell receptors AIDS Biomarkers DNA Flow Cytometry Inflammation Lymphocytes Oils & Fats Pathogenesis
Introduction: There have been mixed findings on the relationship between HIV and women’s risk of intimate partner violence (IPV). Per the dual vulnerability model, it may be that HIV infection matters only for particular relationships. Specifically, when you add an HIV-positive diagnosis into an already stressed relationship (as indicated by IPV history) it may work synergistically to increase IPV risk. In contrast, women’s relationships where there is no history of IPV maybe more resilient to an HIV-positive diagnosis. Therefore, the aim is to test whether the positive association between HIV status and IPV will be exacerbated for women with a history of IPV. Methods: Data come from 1064 women who participated in the baseline antenatal visit and 9-month postpartum follow-up visit as part of a larger RCT. We conducted logistic regression analysis to examine our hypothesis. Model 1 assessed whether HIV diagnosis at baseline predicted physical IPV at follow-up, controlling for demo-graphic covariates. Model 2 included an interaction between HIV diagnosis and history of IPV. Results: While HIV was not associated with postpartum IPV in the main effects model (AOR: 1.44, 95% CI: 0.78-1.97), there was a statistically significant interaction between HIV diagnosis and having a history of IPV (AOR: 0.40, 95% CI: 0.17-0.96). The findings were in the opposite direction as expected: among women who had a history of IPV in the relationship, HIV status did not predict IPV postpartum(AOR: 0.87, 95% CI: 0.49-1.55). Yet among women who had no history of IPV in the relationship, receiving an HIV-positive diagnosis during pregnancy predicted postpartum IPV (AOR: 2.17, 95% CI:1.06-4.42). Conclusions: Receiving an HIV-positive diagnosis in pregnancy did not exacerbate postpartum IPV for women with a history of IPV in their relationship; the diagnosis may not signify new stress within the relationship. However, the findings have important implications for women with no history of IPV. That is, women who test HIV-positive and have no history of IPV should be counselled regarding their future risk of IPV in their relationship. Given the negative health ramifications of IPV during the perinatal period for women and their children, IPV prevention interventions are needed.

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Collaboration types
Domestic collaboration
International collaboration
Web of Science research areas
Immunology
Infectious Diseases
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