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Race-Gender Groups: Weight-Loss Differences by Intervention Delivery Modality in the POWER Trial
Abstract   Open access   Peer reviewed

Race-Gender Groups: Weight-Loss Differences by Intervention Delivery Modality in the POWER Trial

Kristal Brown, Nae-Yuh Wang, Wendy Bennett, Kimberly Gudzune, Gail Daumit, Arlene Dalcin, Gerald Jerome, Janelle Coughlin, Lawrence Appel and Jeanne Clark
Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.), v 30
01 Nov 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/oby.23625
url
https://doi.org/10.1002/oby.23625View
Published, Version of Record (VoR)Maybe Open Access (Publisher Bronze),  Open

Abstract

Black people Gender Intervention White people Women
Background: Prior studies of in-person behavioral interventions have documented differential weight loss between men and women and by race, with Black women losing the least weight. Remotely delivered interventions are now commonplace, but few studies have been able to compare outcomes by race-gender groups and delivery modality. Methods: We conducted a secondary analysis of a randomized trial (NCT00783315) designed to determine the effectiveness of two active, lifestyle change interventions - in-person support vs. remote support - to induce weight loss compared to a control group. Adults with obesity and at least one cardiovascular risk factor (N=415) were recruited from 6 primary care practices in the Baltimore, MD area. Data from 233 Whites and 170 Blacks were used for this analysis. Following an intention-to-treat approach, we compared the mean percent weight loss by race-gender subgroups using a repeated-measures, mixed-effects modeling approach. Results: Participants (mean age 54; mean BMI=36.5 kg/m2) presented with multiple co-morbidities; hypertension (75%), diabetes (23%), and hypercholesteremia (67%), respectively. At 24 months, there were significant differences in weight changes by subgroup across the treatment arms. Mean % weight loss was greatest in White men [-7.6% in-person; -7.4% remote]. Corresponding weight loss among in-person and remote was -7.2% and -4.4% in White women, -4.7% and -4.4% in Black men, and -2.0% and -3.0% in Black women, respectively. White women lost significantly more weight in the in-person intervention whereas Black women lost significantly more in the remote intervention (P for interaction <0.001). There were no significant differences in modality for either group of men. Conclusions: Both Black and White men had similar results for both delivery modalities, whereas White women had greater weight loss in-person and Black women had greater weight loss with remote. Future studies may want to consider intervention modality when designing weight loss interventions for different groups of women.

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Web of Science research areas
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Nutrition & Dietetics
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