Book
Designing Information Displays to Support Awareness in Ad Hoc, Interdisciplinary Emergency Medical Teamwork
Dissertation Abstracts International, ProQuest Information and Learning
2015
Abstract
This research focuses on designing an information display to support awareness during ad hoc, collocated, interdisciplinary, and emergency medical teamwork in the trauma resuscitation domain. Our approach is grounded in participatory design (PD), emphasizing the importance of eliciting and addressing clinician needs while gaining long-term commitment from clinicians throughout system development. Engagement in iterative participatory and user-centered design activities with clinicians over the course of two years involved a series of PD workshops, heuristic evaluations, simulated resuscitation sessions, video observations, video review sessions, and a focus group. Sixteen iterations of an information display design were created. A perspective is offered on what awareness means within the context of an ad hoc, collocated, interdisciplinary, and emergency setting by examining teams treating severely ill patients with urgent needs.
Major findings include descriptions of: (1) the aspects of trauma teamwork that require support; (2) the main information features to include on an information display; (3) the individual role-based differences in information needs; (4) the role of temporal awareness in trauma teamwork; and (5) clinicians' concerns about using the information display in real events. Based on these findings, we contribute rich descriptions of four facets of awareness that trauma teams manage---team member awareness, teamwork-oriented and patient-driven task awareness, overall progress awareness, and elapsed and estimated time awareness.
Two major design tensions that researchers must manage when developing information displays for teamwork---process-based versus state-based design structures and teamwork-oriented versus patient-driven information---are also illustrated through iterations of the display design. We found balance in a shared information display that featured patient-driven information presented through a state-based design.
The outcomes of this study have potential uses for researchers interested in using participatory design strategies to develop information technologies for ad hoc, collocated, interdisciplinary teams working in time- and safety-critical settings. We show how the display designs as well as design techniques were customized to reconcile the role-based differences in information needs that emerged due to the nature of teamwork in the trauma resuscitation setting. This research provides a rich case study demonstrating the value of taking an iterative participatory and user-centered approach to design.
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Details
- Title
- Designing Information Displays to Support Awareness in Ad Hoc, Interdisciplinary Emergency Medical Teamwork
- Creators
- Diana Sachiko KusunokiAleksandra Sarcevic
- Series
- Dissertation Abstracts International
- Publisher
- ProQuest Information and Learning; Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Number of pages
- 1 online resource (265 pages).
- Resource Type
- Book
- Language
- English
- Academic Unit
- Information Science (Informatics)
- Identifiers
- 1321811535; 9781321811537; 991014976886604721