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6 - Extracellular matrix-derived tissues for neurological applications
Book chapter

6 - Extracellular matrix-derived tissues for neurological applications

D. Petrov, K.S. Katiyar, L.A. Struzyna, J.P. Harris and D.K. Cullen
Extracellular Matrix-derived Implants in Clinical Medicine, pp 83-118
2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-100166-0.00006-2

Abstract

Biomaterials Extracellular matrix Nervous system Neurosurgery Regeneration Repair Tissue engineering
Nervous system injury and degeneration may result in debilitating conditions that limit quality of life. To facilitate nervous system repair and improve functional outcomes, clinicians and researchers are utilizing therapies that provide proregenerative cues and structural support using exogenous extracellular matrix (ECM) derived neurological implants. These strategies are generally intended to structurally replace excised tissues, facilitate tissue regrowth, aid in hemostasis, and/or assist in the delivery of bioactive substances. ECM-based products offer several distinct advantages over synthetic materials, including bioactivity, active remodeling, and decreased inflammatory and foreign body responses. A range of naturally occurring, ECM-based materials including laminin, collagen, hyaluronic acid, and fibronectin are being applied as biomaterial scaffolds, either alone or augmented with growth factors and/or living cells to promote nervous system repair and regeneration. The chapter presents the current uses of ECM-based neurological implants and future directions in the development of restorative ECM-based biomaterials, constructs, and other implants.

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