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Attributions and Ideologies: Two Divergent Visions of Human Behavior Behind Our Laws, Policies, and Theories
Book chapter

Attributions and Ideologies: Two Divergent Visions of Human Behavior Behind Our Laws, Policies, and Theories

Jon Hanson and Adam Benforado
Ideology, Psychology, and Law
11 Jan 2012

Abstract

dispositionism legal policies policy debates legal theory human behavior ideology naïve realism fundamental attribution error attributions situationism
This chapter describes a major rift extending across many important debates over our legal structures, policies, and theories of law. It argues that the divide is based, to a significant extent, on contrasting attributional tendencies: the less accurate dispositionist approach, which explains outcomes and behavior with reference to people’s dispositions (that is, stable personalities, preferences, and the like), and the more accurate situationist approach, which bases attributions of causation and responsibility on unseen influences within us and around us (that is, cognitive proclivities and structures and external environmental forces). As this chapter summarizes, research on the underlying motives and conceptual metaphors behind conservatism and liberalism help explain the vital connections between those attributional styles and political ideologies.

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