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Biosensors
Book chapter

Biosensors

Blake N Johnson and Raj Mutharasan
Resonant MEMS, pp 391-426
20 Apr 2015

Abstract

biosensors bio‐recognition agents micro‐electromechanical systems (MEMS) surface functionalization
Biosensors based on resonant micro‐electromechanical systems (MEMS), sometimes called bioMEMS, are highly sensitive devices capable of label‐free quantitative measurement of biologics such as cells, viruses, proteins, and nucleic acids. This chapter is organized broadly as: design variation in resonant bioMEMS, techniques for sensor functionalization and target bio‐recognition, sensing measurement format, and application case studies. In the design section, considerations of sensor length scale, geometry, and fabrication materials are provided, each of which influence biosensor preparation and response characteristics. In the techniques section, common and effective surface functionalization techniques for various bio‐recognition agents, such as antibody and single‐strand DNA (ssDNA), are provided along with strategies for enhancing and verifying sensor response to target binding. In the measurement format section, batch versus continuous flow assay designs are discussed. In the applications section, several illustrative case studies of practical detection of biologics are highlighted in the chapter.

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