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Children: Normal Anogenital Anatomy and Variants
Book chapter

Children: Normal Anogenital Anatomy and Variants

K.P. Deye and N.K. Atkinson
Reference Module in Social Sciences, pp 637-650
2025

Abstract

Anal tag Anogenital Anus Diastasis ani Failure of midline fusion Fossa navicularis Hymen Labia Linea vestibularis Median raphe and perineum
Knowledge of normal anogenital anatomy and its congenital variants is critical for professionals performing forensic medical evaluations in cases of suspected child maltreatment. This chapter provides a review of relevant embryology as a foundation for the review of normal female and male external genital and anal anatomy as well as common variants. It is essential that professionals know the spectrum of normal anatomy in order to identify forensically important changes while recognizing that the vast majority of anogenital exams performed for suspected child sexual abuse are normal and do not negate the history of consensual sex, sexual abuse, or assault.

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