Book chapter
Measures of Frequency and Risk
Improving Population Health Using Electronic Health Records, pp 99-113
2017
Abstract
This chapter reviews the basic types of epidemiological measures, including disease frequency and association, and relates these to the study design. Prevalence is the count of all cases of a disease or condition over some time period and can be presented either at a specific point in time or point prevalence or during a period of time or period prevalence. The cumulative incidence proportion is calculated as disease count divided by at-risk population. The basis of the cross-sectional study is a measure of prevalence; therefore, the measure of association is the prevalence ratio. As the basis of the cohort study is a measure of incidence, the measure of association is a ratio of the incidences between the exposed and unexposed groups. Incidence cannot be directly estimated in a case control study, because the researcher fixes the incidence at a predetermined level due to the ratio of case and control sampling.
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Details
- Title
- Measures of Frequency and Risk
- Creators
- Neal D. Goldstein
- Publication Details
- Improving Population Health Using Electronic Health Records, pp 99-113
- Publisher
- CRC Press
- Edition
- 1
- Resource Type
- Book chapter
- Language
- English
- Academic Unit
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics
- Other Identifier
- 991020111154904721