Logo image
RAD51 Is a Key Protein of DNA Repair and Homologous Recombination in Humans
Book chapter

RAD51 Is a Key Protein of DNA Repair and Homologous Recombination in Humans

Alexander V. Mazin and Olga M. Mazina
Advances in DNA Repair in Cancer Therapy
03 Nov 2012

Abstract

Holliday Junction Homologous Recombination Homologous Recombination Pathway Nijmegen Breakage Syndrome PARP1 Inhibitor
Ionizing radiation and various chemotherapeutic agents kill cancer cells by inducing DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) or interstrand DNA cross links. Cells however can resist the killing effect by repairing these lesions using the homologous recombination (HR) pathway [1–3]. HR achieves high fidelity of repairing DNA breaks through the unique mechanism that employs homologous DNA as a template [4]. The initial step of HR involves exonucleolytic processing of the DNA ends into a resected DNA duplex with protruding 3′-ssDNA tails (Fig. 1) [5]. Then, RAD51 protein loads onto the ssDNA to form a contiguous helical nucleoprotein filament that promotes a search for the homologous dsDNA [6, 7]. Once the homologous sequence is found, RAD51 promotes the exchange of DNA strands that resulted in formation of joint molecules [8, 9]. Joint molecules provide both a template and a primer for the DNA synthesis that is required for retrieving the information lost at the site of the break and for the consequent restoration of a contiguous DNA structure.

Metrics

11 Record Views
2 citations in Scopus

Details

Logo image