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The lifecycle of interventions
Book chapter

The lifecycle of interventions

Laura N. Gitlin and Sara J. Czaja
Handbook of Intervention Science: From Design to Implementation, pp 59-85
01 Jan 2025

Abstract

Adaptation Effectiveness Efficacy Intervention development phases Mechanism of action Mediators Moderators Pipelines Stages of intervention development
Interventions develop over time and require continuous evaluation for their feasibility, acceptability, safety, efficacy, effectiveness, implementation, and potential for sustainability. There are competing and different pathways for characterizing an intervention's developmental pathway, and funding agencies and health fields apply distinct frameworks. The traditional pipeline and newer models of iterative stages serve as heuristics to facilitate asking and answering fundamental questions concerning the level of development of an intervention and the next steps needed to substantiate its benefits and public health impact. This chapter summarizes prevailing phases, stages, and models that outline the steps and activities that are undertaken to advance a behavioral intervention.

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