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The science of intervention research
Book chapter

The science of intervention research

Laura N. Gitlin and Sara J. Czaja
Handbook of Intervention Science: From Design to Implementation, pp 29-52
01 Jan 2025

Abstract

Behavioral interventions Intervention science Multicomponent Multilevel Multimodal Pipelines Stage model
Intervention science is a dynamic, complex, and evolving form of inquiry that focuses on the development, implementation, and evaluation of interventions that are designed to improve individual-level and public health outcomes. It traverses many distinct fields or disciplines including but not limited to psychology, behavioral economics, health services research, sociology, public health, gerontology, oncology, and others as well as an array of contexts from agriculture to education to healthcare. Intervention science has its own terminology and methodological steps spanning from intervention development to testing under different conditions or contexts to disseminating, implementing, scaling, and sustaining. This chapter examines the promises and challenges of intervention science, presents a social-ecological model as a heuristic for understanding targets of interventions, and reviews foundational vocabulary pertinent and specific to this form of inquiry.

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