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Urbanization, Pollution and Voice Disorders
Book chapter

Urbanization, Pollution and Voice Disorders

Abdul-Latif Hamdan, Robert Thayer Sataloff and Mary J. Hawkshaw
Traits of Civilization and Voice Disorders, pp 93-104
15 Nov 2022

Abstract

Dysphonia Pollution and voice Population density and voice disorders Urbanization and voice Voice disorders
Urbanization is the shift of population from rural to urban areas. Urbanization alters peoples’ exposure to stress, pollution, disease, noise and other factors. Urbanization is associated with increased prevalence of numerous voice disorders, including malignancies. It is essential to understand these factors when analyzing causes of and optimal treatment for voice dysfunction and disease.

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