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A Delphi method study: exploring and identifying foundation skills for surgeons to transform surgical education
Dissertation   Open access

A Delphi method study: exploring and identifying foundation skills for surgeons to transform surgical education

Marlene DeMaio
Doctor of Education (Ed.D.), Drexel University
Apr 2024
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17918/00010438
pdf
DeMaio_Marlene_20244.96 MBDownloadView

Abstract

Delphi method Medicine--Study and teaching (Continuing education) Surgical competency Surgical proficiency Surgical training
Surgery residents have not been prepared for safe and independent practice upon the completion of their training programs despite learning an enormous amount of surgical knowledge. The reasons are many: hospital educational environment, focus on productivity, decrease in trainee surgical cases, increase in the number of essential surgical procedures, educator deficiencies, using the electronic medical record, and burnout. Furthermore, the COVID-19 global pandemic impacted surgical experience negatively. The overall result has been less time in the operating room and less experiential learning for current surgical trainees. The traditional methods of surgical immersive and apprenticeship learning education have not translated well into this century. Although surgeons have agreed certain skills are essential for the safe and independent practice of surgery, there has been a lack of evidence-based information and unbiased agreement on the identification of those skills and their assessment for the residency training program. The aim of this mixed methods design using the Delphi Method was to determine core technical skills in which all surgical trainees must demonstrate proficiency, regardless of the specific surgical specialty. The population included international experts in surgical education meeting strict inclusion criteria. The panel identified and ranked the core skills. Additionally, the panel addressed advances in adult learning, technology (including surgical simulation), and formal assessments. Rounds of ranking continued until there was consensus as defined by percent agreement.

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