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Exploring the factors influencing special education teacher retention: a mixed methods study
Dissertation   Open access

Exploring the factors influencing special education teacher retention: a mixed methods study

Melanie Coldiron
Doctor of Education (Ed.D.), Drexel University
22 Jun 2026
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17918/00011483
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Abstract

Certification pathways Job satisfaction Special education teachers Teacher attrition Teacher preparation programs Teacher retention
For decades, there has been a shortage of Special Education Teachers (SETs) in the United States, and the shortage has reached critical levels, exacerbated by low retention rates and insufficient recruitment strategies. This mixed methods study aimed to explore the lived experiences of special education teachers to identify the factors contributing to their low retention rates, thereby addressing the urgent need for effective solutions in the field. The study focused on three primary research questions: (1) What is the lived experience of special education teachers in the workplace? (2) What challenges do special education teachers face that impact job satisfaction? (3) To what extent is special education certification related to job satisfaction? Utilizing an adapted Job Satisfaction Survey (JSS) and semi-structured interviews, this research gathered both quantitative and qualitative data to provide a comprehensive understanding of SET experiences. The findings aimed to inform education administrators, teacher preparation programs, and policymakers on strategies to enhance job satisfaction, improve working conditions, and ultimately retain special education teachers in K-12 schools. By addressing the multifaceted issues surrounding SET retention, this study sought to contribute insights that align with current educational needs and improve outcomes for students with disabilities.

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