Dissertation
Nanoscale applications of red phosphorus allotropes and polyphosphides
Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.), Drexel University
Aug 2020
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17918/00000306
Abstract
Phosphorus nanomaterials have been gaining increasing interest due to their versatility, which includes tunable band gaps, abundance, cost, and the possibility of creating a variety of different compounds due to phosphorus' chemistry. Elemental phosphorus exists in three different allotropic forms: white, red, and black phosphorus. White phosphorus (WP) is not used as a nanomaterial because of its reactivity and black phosphorus (BP) has been investigated thoroughly. Red phosphorus (RP) has properties comparable to BP, however, there is little to no information about applications of this material in practical devices in the nanoscale. Herein, I discuss the structures and applications of two different RP allotropes, as well as a study about a polyphosphide compound. Chapter 2 focuses on the fabrication of thin film field-effect transistors (FET) of amorphous RP. The films are semiconductors with a high hole mobility of 387 cm2 V-1 s-1 and a current switching ratio of ~103. The oxidation of the films was also studied, which shows poor resistance to environmental conditions, for that reason, a technique which consists of doping the films with metal oxides was employed, showing that the films remain stable in air for long periods of time. Chapter 3 introduces fibrous phosphorus quantum dots (FPQDs), the dots were synthesized via sonication of bulk FP with average size and height of 3.8 ± 0.9 nm and 2.7 ± 1.3 nm, respectively. The QDs were employed in the bioimaging of human adenocarcinoma cells because their fluorescence excitation/emission fall in the same range of common fluorescent microscopes DAPI filters. Lastly, chapter 4 discusses the synthesis and applications as photodetectors of the polyphosphide Cu2P3I2.
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Details
- Title
- Nanoscale applications of red phosphorus allotropes and polyphosphides
- Creators
- Pedro Edson Martins Amaral
- Contributors
- Haifeng Ji (Advisor)
- Awarding Institution
- Drexel University
- Degree Awarded
- Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.)
- Publisher
- Drexel University; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Number of pages
- xiv, 124 pages
- Resource Type
- Dissertation
- Language
- English
- Academic Unit
- College of Arts and Sciences; Chemistry; Drexel University
- Other Identifier
- 991014695247604721