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Dissertation
Psychological factors associated with anabolic steroid use in male body builders
Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.), Allegheny University of the Health Sciences
Aug 1997
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17918/00004564
Abstract
This study was designed to explore the relationship between various psychological factors and anabolic steroid use among male body builders. The main focus was to distinguish among variables that may be predisposing factors versus those that may be effects of current steroid use. The volunteer sample of 96 subjects recruited from health clubs compromised 30 current steroid users, 30 former steroid users, and 36 body builders who had no history of steroid use. Standardized measures of locus of control, psychopathology, personality traits, hostility, social anxiety, and competitiveness as well as a demographic questionnaire were completed by each of the subjects. Multivariate analyses of variance with follow-up univariate analyses were used to examine differences among the three groups. The following variables were found to be potential risk factors for steroid use: low levels of conscientiousness as well as high levels of neuroticism, global distress, phobic anxiety, somatization, assaultiveness, resentfulness, and verbalness. In addition, another set of variables, including high levels of depression, obsessive-compulsiveness, positive symptom distress, indirect hostility, and negativity seem to represent direct effects of steroid use. Finally, another set of variables, high levels of agreeableness, generalized anxiety, irritability, suspiciousness, panic anxiety, paranoia, and psychopathology seem to reflect a mixed effect. That is these variables may be predisposing factors which are exacerbated by steroid use. The clinical implications of these results are discussed, and directions for future research are outlined.
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Details
- Title
- Psychological factors associated with anabolic steroid use in male body builders
- Creators
- Tammy J. Carter
- Contributors
- James D. Herbert (Advisor) - Drexel University, Allegheny University of the Health Sciences (1996-1998)
- Awarding Institution
- Allegheny University of the Health Sciences
- Degree Awarded
- Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.)
- Publisher
- Allegheny University of the Health Sciences; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Number of pages
- iv, 111 unnumbered pages
- Resource Type
- Dissertation
- Language
- English
- Academic Unit
- Allegheny University of the Health Sciences (1996-1998); Clinical and Health Psychology [Historical]; School of Health Professions (1996-1998)
- Other Identifier
- 991021888802404721