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Dissertation
Stability studies of low part per million carbon monoxide standards in steel cylinders
Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.), Drexel University
1985
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17918/00008301
Abstract
This stability study was based on the potential reaction of low ppm carbon monoxide with the various oxides found on steel cylinder surfaces. Analytical and sampling methods were developed to measure the stability of low ppmv CO standards so that CO measurements at the 20 ppmv level could be made with a precision of 0.1% at the 0.95 confidence interval. To confirm the changes in CO concentration, a cryogenic sampling system was developed to concentrate the CO(,2) formed during the reaction. The concentrated samples were analyzed on a G. C. methanization FID system. Oxygen, water and other variables which were known to play a significant role in the overall reaction were also monitored. Carbon monoxide stability was evaluated under five different surface cylinder treatments. One treatment was found to significantly improve the stability of carbon monoxide from a batch concentration change of -1.0% relative/year to -0.1% relative/year. Twenty-one additional CO stability experiments were performed to evaluate the influence of the three predominant iron oxides found on steel surfaces, FeO, Fe(,2)O(,3), Fe(,3)O(,4). At 14,000 kPa, all three oxides were also found to be active at room temperature. Oxygen was found to play a significant role in the rate of CO change. In some cases, increasing the O(,2) content from < 0.02 ppmv to only 5 ppmv changed the rate of CO change/year by an order of magnitude. Gas phase H(,2)O concentration significantly decreased the reactivity of all oxides.
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Details
- Title
- Stability studies of low part per million carbon monoxide standards in steel cylinders
- Creators
- Robert B. Denyszyn
- Awarding Institution
- Drexel University
- Degree Awarded
- Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.)
- Publisher
- Drexel University; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Number of pages
- x, 173 pages, 5 unnumbered pages
- Resource Type
- Dissertation
- Language
- English
- Academic Unit
- College of Science (1970-1990); Drexel University
- Other Identifier
- 991021888756304721