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Thesis
Effects of chronic LPS stimulation on the response of macrophages to subsequent stimuli
Master of Science (M.S.), Drexel University
May 2016
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17918/etd-6837
Abstract
Wound healing constitutes a brief inflammatory phase, followed by proliferative phase and ends with a longer period of tissue remodeling. Post tissue injury, macrophages initiate an inflammatory cascade to propagate wound healing. Macrophages initially adapt a pro- inflammatory "M1" activation state, followed an anti-inflammatory "M2" macrophages that are associated with the resolution of initial inflammation. The M1-to-M2 transition has been shown to be crucial to facilitate healing. Impairment of this phenotypic switch is associated with chronic inflammation. Chronic inflammation is characterized by a sustained M1. Noteworthy, patients suffering from chronic inflammatory conditions have a systemically higher that normal LPS levels, which is thought to trigger chronic and systemic pro-inflammatory activation of macrophages. Surprisingly, while normal wounds posses an initial and robust inflammatory reaction, recent studies have highlighted that chronic wounds suffer lower than normal initial inflammatory state in response to otherwise potent pro-inflammatory stimulation. The goal of this work is to study the impact of chronic LPS stimulation on macrophages pro-inflammatory reaction to a fresh LPS treatment and its subsequent capacity to respond to IL4/IL13, "M2" promoting cytokines. This work highlighted that chronic LPS stimulation rendered macrophages hypo-responsive to fresh LPS stimulation. However, it did not impact their "M2" switching capacity. IFNg, a pro- inflammatory cytokine, treatment of chronic "M1" macrophages did not improve their responsiveness to LPS.
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Details
- Title
- Effects of chronic LPS stimulation on the response of macrophages to subsequent stimuli
- Creators
- Reham Garash - DU
- Contributors
- Kara L. Spiller (Advisor) - Drexel University (1970-)
- Awarding Institution
- Drexel University
- Degree Awarded
- Master of Science (M.S.)
- Publisher
- Drexel University; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Number of pages
- ix, 67 pages
- Resource Type
- Thesis
- Language
- English
- Academic Unit
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science, and Health Systems; Drexel University
- Other Identifier
- 6837; 991014632287504721