Thesis
Predicting cognitive control associated attention-deficit hyperactivity symptoms in adolescents and early adults using individually measured functional connectivity
Master of Science (M.S.), Drexel University
Apr 2021
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17918/00000704
Abstract
Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a developmental neuropsychiatric condition affecting individuals throughout the lifespan. Two common symptoms of ADHD are inattention and impulsivity. These symptoms are hypothesized to be caused by aberrant functional and anatomical connectivity between associated brain networks. However, the relationships between these deficits and brain organization across individuals are not well understood. Many of the brain networks that have been associated with inattention and impulsivity are also implicated in cognitive control (a well understood psychological and neurobiological component in human cognition). Indeed, many of the deficits associated with ADHD have been described as cognitive control deficits. Here, we examined the variability in brain networks (specifically, the two fronto-parietal control (FPCN-A and B), dorsal attention (DAN), cingulo-opercular (CON), and default mode networks (DMN), estimated at the level of single subjects to predict inattention and impulsivity in ADHD and healthy controls using support vector regression. We hypothesize that the role of FPCN-A is to downregulate activity within DMN during task positive activity allowing the external guidance of FPCN-B to become more active. Additionally, we hypothesize that the role of FPCN-B and its dynamic interactions with DAN and CON will predict impulsive behavior. We found that functional connectivity between FPCN-A and the Lateral-DMN predicted inattention across all subjects and further within ADHD subjects alone, but not within controls. We also found that connectivity between FPCN-A, CON, and DAN predicted impulsivity within ADHD subjects and controls. Furthermore, we found that connectivity between FPCN-B, CON and DAN predicted impulsivity in controls. The findings suggest that single-subject network mapping is sensitive to inattention and impulsive behaviors in healthy individuals and those with ADHD.
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Details
- Title
- Predicting cognitive control associated attention-deficit hyperactivity symptoms in adolescents and early adults using individually measured functional connectivity
- Creators
- Benjamin L. Deck
- Contributors
- John D. Medaglia (Advisor)
- Awarding Institution
- Drexel University
- Degree Awarded
- Master of Science (M.S.)
- Publisher
- Drexel University; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Number of pages
- vii, 73 pages
- Resource Type
- Thesis
- Language
- English
- Academic Unit
- Psychological and Brain Sciences (Psychology); College of Arts and Sciences; Drexel University
- Other Identifier
- 991014999848904721