Journal article
A Case Study Evaluating the Risk of Infection from Middle Eastern Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS‐CoV) in a Hospital Setting Through Bioaerosols
Risk analysis, v 39(12), pp 2608-2624
Dec 2019
PMID: 31524301
Featured in Collection : UN Sustainable Development Goals @ Drexel
Abstract
Middle Eastern respiratory syndrome, an emerging viral infection with a global case fatality rate of 35.5%, caused major outbreaks first in 2012 and 2015, though new cases are continuously reported around the world. Transmission is believed to mainly occur in healthcare settings through aerosolized particles. This study uses Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment to develop a generalizable model that can assist with interpreting reported outbreak data or predict risk of infection with or without the recommended strategies. The exposure scenario includes a single index patient emitting virus‐containing aerosols into the air by coughing, leading to short‐ and long‐range airborne exposures for other patients in the same room, nurses, healthcare workers, and family visitors. Aerosol transport modeling was coupled with Monte Carlo simulation to evaluate the risk of MERS illness for the exposed population. Results from a typical scenario show the daily mean risk of infection to be the highest for the nurses and healthcare workers (8.49 × 10−4 and 7.91 × 10−4, respectively), and the lowest for family visitors and patients staying in the same room (3.12 × 10−4 and 1.29 × 10−4, respectively). Sensitivity analysis indicates that more than 90% of the uncertainty in the risk characterization is due to the viral concentration in saliva. Assessment of risk interventions showed that respiratory masks were found to have a greater effect in reducing the risks for all the groups evaluated (>90% risk reduction), while increasing the air exchange was effective for the other patients in the same room only (up to 58% risk reduction).
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Details
- Title
- A Case Study Evaluating the Risk of Infection from Middle Eastern Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS‐CoV) in a Hospital Setting Through Bioaerosols
- Creators
- Umesh Adhikari - Michigan State UniversityAlexandre Chabrelie - Michigan State UniversityMark Weir - The Ohio State UniversityKevin Boehnke - University of Michigan–Ann ArborErica McKenzie - Temple UniversityLuisa Ikner - University of ArizonaMeng Wang - University of South FloridaQing Wang - University of DelawareKyana Young - Michigan State UniversityCharles N. Haas - Drexel UniversityJoan Rose - Michigan State UniversityJade Mitchell - Michigan State University
- Publication Details
- Risk analysis, v 39(12), pp 2608-2624
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Number of pages
- 17
- Grant note
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences (R25GM108593)
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Language
- English
- Academic Unit
- Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering
- Web of Science ID
- WOS:000486670100001
- Scopus ID
- 2-s2.0-85073832023
- Other Identifier
- 991019168577704721
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- Collaboration types
- Domestic collaboration
- Web of Science research areas
- Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications
- Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
- Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods