A search for spectral hysteresis and energy-dependent time lags from X-ray and TeV gamma-ray observations of Mrk 421

A. U Abeysekara; S Archambault; A Archer; W Benbow; R Bird; M Buchovecky; J. H Buckley; V Bugaev; J. V Cardenzana; M Cerruti; X Chen; L Ciupik; M. P Connolly; W Cui; J. D Eisch; A Falcone; Q Feng; J. P Finley; H Fleischhack; A Flinders; L Fortson; A Furniss; S Griffin; M Hütten; N Håkansson; D Hanna; O Hervet; J Holder; T. B Humensky; P Kaaret; P Kar; M Kertzman; D Kieda; M Krause; S Kumar; M. J Lang; G Maier; S McArthur; A McCann; K Meagher; P Moriarty; R Mukherjee; D Nieto; S O'Brien; R. A Ong; A. N Otte; N Park; V Pelassa; M Pohl; A Popkow; E Pueschel; K Ragan; P. T Reynolds; G. T Richards; E Roache; I Sadeh; M Santander; G. H Sembroski; K Shahinyan; D Staszak; I Telezhinsky; J. V Tucci; J Tyler; S. P Wakely; A Weinstein; A Wilhelm; D. A Williams; M. L Ahnen; S Ansoldi; L. A Antonelli; P Antoranz; C Arcaro; A Babic; B Banerjee; P Bangale; U. Barres de Almeida; J. A Barrio; J. Becerra González; W Bednarek; E Bernardini; A Berti; B Biasuzzi; A Biland; O Blanch; S Bonnefoy; G Bonnoli; F Borracci; T Bretz; R Carosi; A Carosi; A Chatterjee; P Colin; E Colombo; J. L Contreras; J Cortina; S Covino; P Cumani; P Da Vela; F Dazzi; A De Angelis; B De Lotto; E. de Oña Wilhelmi; F Di Pierro; M Doert; A Domínguez; D. Dominis Prester; D Dorner; M Doro; S Einecke; D. Eisenacher Glawion; D Elsaesser; M Engelkemeier; V. Fallah Ramazani; A Fernández-Barral; D Fidalgo; M. V Fonseca; L Font; C Fruck; D Galindo; R. J. García López; M Garczarczyk; M Gaug; P Giammaria; N Godinović; D Gora; D Guberman; D Hadasch; A Hahn; T Hassan; M Hayashida; J Herrera; J Hose; D Hrupec; G Hughes; W Idec; K Kodani; Y Konno; H Kubo; J Kushida; D Lelas; E Lindfors; S Lombardi; F Longo; M López; R López-Coto; P Majumdar; M Makariev; K Mallot; G Maneva; M Manganaro; K Mannheim; L Maraschi; B Marcote; M Mariotti; M Martínez; D Mazin; U Menzel; R Mirzoyan; A Moralejo; E Moretti; D Nakajima; V Neustroev; A Niedzwiecki; M. Nievas Rosillo; K Nilsson; K Nishijima; K Noda; L Nogués; M Nöthe; S Paiano; J Palacio; M Palatiello; D Paneque; R Paoletti; J. M Paredes; X Paredes-Fortuny; G Pedaletti; M Peresano; L Perri; M Persic; J Poutanen; P. G. Prada Moroni; E Prandini; I Puljak; J. R Garcia; I Reichardt; W Rhode; M Ribó; J Rico; T Saito; K Satalecka; S Schroeder; T Schweizer; S. N Shore; A Sillanpää; J Sitarek; I Snidaric; D Sobczynska; A Stamerra; M Strzys; T Surić; L Takalo; F Tavecchio; P Temnikov; T Terzić; D Tescaro; M Teshima; D. F Torres; N Torres-Albà; T Toyama; A Treves; G Vanzo; M. Vazquez Acosta; I Vovk; J. E Ward; M Will; M. H Wu; R Zanin; T Hovatta; I. de la Calle Perez; P. S Smith; E Racero; M Baloković; VERITAS Collaboration

doi:10.3847/1538-4357/834/1/2

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A search for spectral hysteresis and energy-dependent time lags from X-ray and TeV gamma-ray observations of Mrk 421

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A search for spectral hysteresis and energy-dependent time lags from X-ray and TeV gamma-ray observations of Mrk 421

A. U Abeysekara, S Archambault, A Archer, W Benbow, R Bird, M Buchovecky, J. H Buckley, V Bugaev, J. V Cardenzana, M Cerruti, …

The Astrophysical journal, v 834(1)

14 Nov 2016

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/834/1/2

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Abstract

Physics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena

Blazars are variable emitters across all wavelengths over a wide range of timescales, from months down to minutes. It is therefore essential to observe blazars simultaneously at different wavelengths, especially in the X-ray and gamma-ray bands, where the broadband spectral energy distributions usually peak. In this work, we report on three "target-of-opportunity" (ToO) observations of Mrk 421, one of the brightest TeV blazars, triggered by a strong flaring event at TeV energies in 2014. These observations feature long, continuous, and simultaneous exposures with XMM-Newton (covering X-ray and optical/ultraviolet bands) and VERITAS (covering TeV gamma-ray band), along with contemporaneous observations from other gamma-ray facilities (MAGIC and Fermi-LAT) and a number of radio and optical facilities. Although neither rapid flares nor significant X-ray/TeV correlation are detected, these observations reveal subtle changes in the X-ray spectrum of the source over the course of a few days. We search the simultaneous X-ray and TeV data for spectral hysteresis patterns and time delays, which could provide insight into the emission mechanisms and the source properties (e.g. the radius of the emitting region, the strength of the magnetic field, and related timescales). The observed broadband spectra are consistent with a one-zone synchrotron self-Compton model. We find that the power spectral density distribution at $\gtrsim 4\times 10^{-4}$ Hz from the X-ray data can be described by a power-law model with an index value between 1.2 and 1.8, and do not find evidence for a steepening of the power spectral index (often associated with a characteristic length scale) compared to the previously reported values at lower frequencies.

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27 citations in Web of Science

32 citations in Scopus

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Title: A search for spectral hysteresis and energy-dependent time lags from X-ray and TeV gamma-ray observations of Mrk 421
Creators: A. U Abeysekara - the VERITAS Collaboration
S Archambault - the VERITAS Collaboration
A Archer - Veritas
W Benbow - the VERITAS Collaboration
R Bird - the VERITAS Collaboration
M Buchovecky - the VERITAS Collaboration
J. H Buckley - the VERITAS Collaboration
V Bugaev - the VERITAS Collaboration
J. V Cardenzana - the VERITAS Collaboration
M Cerruti - the VERITAS Collaboration
X Chen - Veritas
L Ciupik - the VERITAS Collaboration
M. P Connolly - the VERITAS Collaboration
W Cui - the VERITAS Collaboration
J. D Eisch - the VERITAS Collaboration
A Falcone - Veritas
Q Feng - the VERITAS Collaboration
J. P Finley - the VERITAS Collaboration
H Fleischhack - the VERITAS Collaboration
A Flinders - the VERITAS Collaboration
L Fortson - the VERITAS Collaboration
A Furniss - the VERITAS Collaboration
S Griffin - the VERITAS Collaboration
M Hütten - the VERITAS Collaboration
N Håkansson - the VERITAS Collaboration
D Hanna - the VERITAS Collaboration
O Hervet - the VERITAS Collaboration
J Holder - the VERITAS Collaboration
T. B Humensky - the VERITAS Collaboration
P Kaaret - the VERITAS Collaboration
P Kar - the VERITAS Collaboration
M Kertzman - the VERITAS Collaboration
D Kieda - the VERITAS Collaboration
M Krause - the VERITAS Collaboration
S Kumar - the VERITAS Collaboration
M. J Lang - the VERITAS Collaboration
G Maier - the VERITAS Collaboration
S McArthur - the VERITAS Collaboration
A McCann - the VERITAS Collaboration
K Meagher - the VERITAS Collaboration
P Moriarty - the VERITAS Collaboration
R Mukherjee - the VERITAS Collaboration
D Nieto - the VERITAS Collaboration
S O'Brien - the VERITAS Collaboration
R. A Ong - the VERITAS Collaboration
A. N Otte - the VERITAS Collaboration
N Park - the VERITAS Collaboration
V Pelassa - the VERITAS Collaboration
M Pohl - the VERITAS Collaboration
A Popkow - the VERITAS Collaboration
E Pueschel - the VERITAS Collaboration
K Ragan - the VERITAS Collaboration
P. T Reynolds - the VERITAS Collaboration
G. T Richards - Veritas
E Roache - the VERITAS Collaboration
I Sadeh - the VERITAS Collaboration
M Santander - the VERITAS Collaboration
G. H Sembroski - the VERITAS Collaboration
K Shahinyan - the VERITAS Collaboration
D Staszak - the VERITAS Collaboration
I Telezhinsky - the VERITAS Collaboration
J. V Tucci - the VERITAS Collaboration
J Tyler - Veritas
S. P Wakely - the VERITAS Collaboration
A Weinstein - the VERITAS Collaboration
A Wilhelm - the VERITAS Collaboration
D. A Williams - the VERITAS Collaboration
M. L Ahnen - the MAGIC Collaboration
S Ansoldi - the MAGIC Collaboration
L. A Antonelli - the MAGIC Collaboration
P Antoranz - the MAGIC Collaboration
C Arcaro - the MAGIC Collaboration
A Babic - the MAGIC Collaboration
B Banerjee - the MAGIC Collaboration
P Bangale - the MAGIC Collaboration
U. Barres de Almeida - the MAGIC Collaboration
J. A Barrio - the MAGIC Collaboration
J. Becerra González - the MAGIC Collaboration
W Bednarek - the MAGIC Collaboration
E Bernardini - the MAGIC Collaboration
A Berti - the MAGIC Collaboration
B Biasuzzi - the MAGIC Collaboration
A Biland - the MAGIC Collaboration
O Blanch - the MAGIC Collaboration
S Bonnefoy - the MAGIC Collaboration
G Bonnoli - the MAGIC Collaboration
F Borracci - the MAGIC Collaboration
T Bretz - the MAGIC Collaboration
R Carosi - the MAGIC Collaboration
A Carosi - the MAGIC Collaboration
A Chatterjee - the MAGIC Collaboration
P Colin - the MAGIC Collaboration
E Colombo - the MAGIC Collaboration
J. L Contreras - the MAGIC Collaboration
J Cortina - the MAGIC Collaboration
S Covino - the MAGIC Collaboration
P Cumani - the MAGIC Collaboration
P Da Vela - the MAGIC Collaboration
F Dazzi - the MAGIC Collaboration
A De Angelis - the MAGIC Collaboration
B De Lotto - the MAGIC Collaboration
E. de Oña Wilhelmi - the MAGIC Collaboration
F Di Pierro - the MAGIC Collaboration
M Doert - the MAGIC Collaboration
A Domínguez - the MAGIC Collaboration
D. Dominis Prester - the MAGIC Collaboration
D Dorner - the MAGIC Collaboration
M Doro - the MAGIC Collaboration
S Einecke - the MAGIC Collaboration
D. Eisenacher Glawion - the MAGIC Collaboration
D Elsaesser - the MAGIC Collaboration
M Engelkemeier - the MAGIC Collaboration
V. Fallah Ramazani - the MAGIC Collaboration
A Fernández-Barral - the MAGIC Collaboration
D Fidalgo - the MAGIC Collaboration
M. V Fonseca - the MAGIC Collaboration
L Font - the MAGIC Collaboration
C Fruck - the MAGIC Collaboration
D Galindo - the MAGIC Collaboration
R. J. García López - the MAGIC Collaboration
M Garczarczyk - the MAGIC Collaboration
M Gaug - the MAGIC Collaboration
P Giammaria - the MAGIC Collaboration
N Godinović - the MAGIC Collaboration
D Gora - the MAGIC Collaboration
D Guberman - the MAGIC Collaboration
D Hadasch - the MAGIC Collaboration
A Hahn - the MAGIC Collaboration
T Hassan - the MAGIC Collaboration
M Hayashida - the MAGIC Collaboration
J Herrera - the MAGIC Collaboration
J Hose - the MAGIC Collaboration
D Hrupec - the MAGIC Collaboration
G Hughes - the MAGIC Collaboration
W Idec - the MAGIC Collaboration
K Kodani - the MAGIC Collaboration
Y Konno - the MAGIC Collaboration
H Kubo - the MAGIC Collaboration
J Kushida - the MAGIC Collaboration
D Lelas - the MAGIC Collaboration
E Lindfors - the MAGIC Collaboration
S Lombardi - the MAGIC Collaboration
F Longo - the MAGIC Collaboration
M López - the MAGIC Collaboration
R López-Coto - the MAGIC Collaboration
P Majumdar - the MAGIC Collaboration
M Makariev - the MAGIC Collaboration
K Mallot - the MAGIC Collaboration
G Maneva - the MAGIC Collaboration
M Manganaro - the MAGIC Collaboration
K Mannheim - the MAGIC Collaboration
L Maraschi - the MAGIC Collaboration
B Marcote - the MAGIC Collaboration
M Mariotti - the MAGIC Collaboration
M Martínez - the MAGIC Collaboration
D Mazin - the MAGIC Collaboration
U Menzel - the MAGIC Collaboration
R Mirzoyan - the MAGIC Collaboration
A Moralejo - the MAGIC Collaboration
E Moretti - the MAGIC Collaboration
D Nakajima - the MAGIC Collaboration
V Neustroev - the MAGIC Collaboration
A Niedzwiecki - the MAGIC Collaboration
M. Nievas Rosillo - the MAGIC Collaboration
K Nilsson - the MAGIC Collaboration
K Nishijima - the MAGIC Collaboration
K Noda - the MAGIC Collaboration
L Nogués - the MAGIC Collaboration
M Nöthe - the MAGIC Collaboration
S Paiano - the MAGIC Collaboration
J Palacio - the MAGIC Collaboration
M Palatiello - the MAGIC Collaboration
D Paneque - the MAGIC Collaboration
R Paoletti - the MAGIC Collaboration
J. M Paredes - the MAGIC Collaboration
X Paredes-Fortuny - the MAGIC Collaboration
G Pedaletti - the MAGIC Collaboration
M Peresano - the MAGIC Collaboration
L Perri - the MAGIC Collaboration
M Persic - the MAGIC Collaboration
J Poutanen - the MAGIC Collaboration
P. G. Prada Moroni - the MAGIC Collaboration
E Prandini - the MAGIC Collaboration
I Puljak - the MAGIC Collaboration
J. R Garcia - the MAGIC Collaboration
I Reichardt - the MAGIC Collaboration
W Rhode - the MAGIC Collaboration
M Ribó - the MAGIC Collaboration
J Rico - the MAGIC Collaboration
T Saito - the MAGIC Collaboration
K Satalecka - the MAGIC Collaboration
S Schroeder - the MAGIC Collaboration
T Schweizer - the MAGIC Collaboration
S. N Shore - the MAGIC Collaboration
A Sillanpää - the MAGIC Collaboration
J Sitarek - the MAGIC Collaboration
I Snidaric - the MAGIC Collaboration
D Sobczynska - the MAGIC Collaboration
A Stamerra - the MAGIC Collaboration
M Strzys - the MAGIC Collaboration
T Surić - the MAGIC Collaboration
L Takalo - the MAGIC Collaboration
F Tavecchio - the MAGIC Collaboration
P Temnikov - the MAGIC Collaboration
T Terzić - the MAGIC Collaboration
D Tescaro - the MAGIC Collaboration
M Teshima - the MAGIC Collaboration
D. F Torres - the MAGIC Collaboration
N Torres-Albà - the MAGIC Collaboration
T Toyama - the MAGIC Collaboration
A Treves - the MAGIC Collaboration
G Vanzo - the MAGIC Collaboration
M. Vazquez Acosta - the MAGIC Collaboration
I Vovk - the MAGIC Collaboration
J. E Ward - the MAGIC Collaboration
M Will - the MAGIC Collaboration
M. H Wu - the MAGIC Collaboration
R Zanin - the MAGIC Collaboration
T Hovatta
I. de la Calle Perez
P. S Smith
E Racero
M Baloković
VERITAS Collaboration
Publication Details: The Astrophysical journal, v 834(1)
Publisher: Institute of Physics (IOP)
Resource Type: Journal article
Language: English
Academic Unit: Physics
Web of Science ID: WOS:000391573000002
Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85010190196
Other Identifier: 991019201367204721

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Collaboration types: Domestic collaboration; International collaboration
Web of Science research areas: Astronomy & Astrophysics

A search for spectral hysteresis and energy-dependent time lags from X-ray and TeV gamma-ray observations of Mrk 421

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Abstract

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Details

UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

InCites Highlights

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