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Abasic Phosphorothioate Oligomers Inhibit HIV-1 Reverse Transcription and Block Virus Transmission across Polarized Ectocervical Organ Cultures
Journal article   Open access   Peer reviewed

Abasic Phosphorothioate Oligomers Inhibit HIV-1 Reverse Transcription and Block Virus Transmission across Polarized Ectocervical Organ Cultures

Joseph A Fraietta, Yvonne M Mueller, Karissa L Lozenski, Deena Ratner, Alina C Boesteanu, Aidan S Hancock, Carol Lackman-Smith, Isaac J Zentner, Irwin M Chaiken, Suhman Chung, …
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, v 58(12), pp 7056-7071
12 Nov 2014
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1128/AAC.02991-14
PMID: 25224013
Featured in Collection :   UN Sustainable Development Goals @ Drexel
url
https://doi.org/10.1128/aac.02991-14View
Published, Version of Record (VoR)Open Access (License Unspecified),  Open
url
https://doi.org/10.1128/AAC.02991-14View
Published, Version of Record (VoR) Open

Abstract

Antiviral Agents Cervix Uteri HIV-1 Phosphorothioate Oligonucleotides Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors Reverse Transcription Virus Internalization
In the absence of universally available antiretroviral (ARV) drugs or a vaccine against HIV-1, microbicides may offer the most immediate hope for controlling the AIDS pandemic. The most advanced and clinically effective microbicides are based on ARV agents that interfere with the earliest stages of HIV-1 replication. Our objective was to identify and characterize novel ARV-like inhibitors, as well as demonstrate their efficacy at blocking HIV-1 transmission. Abasic phosphorothioate 2′ deoxyribose backbone (PDB) oligomers were evaluated in a variety of mechanistic assays and for their ability to inhibit HIV-1 infection and virus transmission through primary human cervical mucosa. Cellular and biochemical assays were used to elucidate the antiviral mechanisms of action of PDB oligomers against both lab-adapted and primary CCR5- and CXCR4-utilizing HIV-1 strains, including a multidrug-resistant isolate. A polarized cervical organ culture was used to test the ability of PDB compounds to block HIV-1 transmission to primary immune cell populations across ectocervical tissue. The antiviral activity and mechanisms of action of PDB-based compounds were dependent on oligomer size, with smaller molecules preventing reverse transcription and larger oligomers blocking viral entry. Importantly, irrespective of molecular size, PDBs potently inhibited virus infection and transmission within genital tissue samples. Furthermore, the PDB inhibitors exhibited excellent toxicity and stability profiles and were found to be safe for vaginal application in vivo. These results, coupled with the previously reported intrinsic anti-inflammatory properties of PDBs, support further investigations in the development of PDB-based topical microbicides for preventing the global spread of HIV-1.

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UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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#3 Good Health and Well-Being

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Collaboration types
Domestic collaboration
Web of Science research areas
Microbiology
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
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