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Accessibility and availability of alcohol outlets around schools: An ecological study in the city of Madrid, Spain, according to socioeconomic area-level
Journal article   Open access   Peer reviewed

Accessibility and availability of alcohol outlets around schools: An ecological study in the city of Madrid, Spain, according to socioeconomic area-level

Irene Martín-Turrero, Roberto Valiente, Irene Molina-de la Fuente, Usama Bilal, Mariana Lazo and Xisca Sureda
Environmental research, v 204(Pt C), 112323
Mar 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2021.112323
PMID: 34774513
Featured in Collection :   UN Sustainable Development Goals @ Drexel
url
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2021.112323View
Published, Version of Record (VoR)CC BY-NC-ND V4.0,  Open

Abstract

Accessibility Adolescent health Alcohol Availability GIS Inequalities Schools Spain
Neighborhood accessibility and availability of alcohol products has been associated with increased alcohol consumption and harms among adolescents. This availability has been shown to be higher in neighborhoods with lower socio-economic status (SES). The aim of this study was to examine inequalities in alcohol outlet density and proximity around schools by area-level SES in Madrid, Spain. Data on schools, SES, alcohol outlets and population density at census tract level were obtained through public databases from the local government of Madrid. We examined (1) density as the number of alcohol outlets around schools within 3 buffers (i.e. 200 m, 400 m and 800 m) and (2) proximity as the distance from schools to their nearest alcohol outlet. We performed multilevel analyses to examine the associations between alcohol outlet density and proximity and SES, adjusted by population density. Secondary schools (n = 576) located in less deprived areas had lower densities of alcohol outlets at walking distances of 200 and 400 m (50% and 37% lower, respectively p < 0.05). No significant differences were found for the proximity measures. The socioeconomic level of the area in which adolescents go to school is a determinant of their exposure to alcohol, where those who study in high SES areas have lower exposure to alcohol outlets. This study highlights the need to prioritize equity in the design and implementation of policies to limit alcohol accessibility among adolescents, including establishing minimum distances between schools and alcohol outlets or limiting the number of outlets per inhabitant in neighborhoods. •Adolescents' exposure to alcohol is high in all areas of the city of Madrid.•Socioeconomic status (SES) is a determinant of alcohol availability.•Adolescents who study in high-SES areas of Madrid, have less exposure to alcohol.•Alcohol control policies are needed to address public health inequalities.

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20 citations in Web of Science
17 citations in Scopus

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Domestic collaboration
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Web of Science research areas
Environmental Sciences
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
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