Journal article
Anti-Tumor Effects of Ketogenic Diets in Mice: A Meta-Analysis
PloS one, v 11(5), 0155050
09 May 2016
PMID: 27159218
Featured in Collection : UN Sustainable Development Goals @ Drexel
Abstract
Background
Currently ketogenic diets (KDs) are hyped as an anti-tumor intervention aimed at exploiting the metabolic abnormalities of cancer cells. However, while data in humans is sparse, translation of murine tumor models to the clinic is further hampered by small sample sizes, heterogeneous settings and mixed results concerning tumor growth retardation. The aim was therefore to synthesize the evidence for a growth inhibiting effect of KDs when used as a monotherapy in mice.
Methods
We conducted a Bayesian random effects meta-analysis on all studies assessing the survival (defined as the time to reach a pre-defined endpoint such as tumor volume) of mice on an unrestricted KD compared to a high carbohydrate standard diet (SD). For 12 studies meeting the inclusion criteria either a mean survival time ratio (MR) or hazard ratio (HR) between the KD and SD groups could be obtained. The posterior estimates for the MR and HR averaged over four priors on the between-study heterogeneity tau(2) were MR = 0.85 (95% highest posterior density interval (HPDI) = [0.73, 0.97]) and HR = 0.55 (95% HPDI = [0.26, 0.87]), indicating a significant overall benefit of the KD in terms of prolonged mean survival times and reduced hazard rate. All studies that used a brain tumor model also chose a late starting point for the KD (at least one day after tumor initiation) which accounted for 26% of the heterogeneity. In this subgroup the KD was less effective (MR = 0.89, 95% HPDI = [0.76, 1.04]).
Conclusions
There was an overall tumor growth delaying effect of unrestricted KDs in mice. Future experiments should aim at differentiating the effects of KD timing versus tumor location, since external evidence is currently consistent with an influence of both of these factors.
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Details
- Title
- Anti-Tumor Effects of Ketogenic Diets in Mice: A Meta-Analysis
- Creators
- Rainer J. Klement - Leopoldina Krankenhaus SchweinfurtColin E. Champ - University of Pittsburgh Medical CenterChristoph Otto - Universitätsklinikum WürzburgUlrike Kaemmerer - Univ Hosp Wurzburg, Dept Obstet & Gynaecol, Wurzburg, Germany
- Publication Details
- PloS one, v 11(5), 0155050
- Publisher
- Public Library Science
- Number of pages
- 16
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Language
- English
- Academic Unit
- Radiation Oncology (and Nuclear Medicine)
- Web of Science ID
- WOS:000376576700035
- Scopus ID
- 2-s2.0-84968877340
- Other Identifier
- 991021897281604721
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- Collaboration types
- Domestic collaboration
- International collaboration
- Web of Science research areas
- Oncology