Journal article
Application of quantitative microbial risk assessment for selection of microbial reduction targets for hard surface disinfectants
American journal of infection control, v 42(11), pp 1165-1172
01 Nov 2014
PMID: 25241163
Featured in Collection : UN Sustainable Development Goals @ Drexel
Abstract
Background: This quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA) included problem formulation for fomites and hazard identification for 7 microorganisms, including pathogenic Escherichia coli and E coli 0157:H7, Listeria monocytogenes, norovirus, Pseudomonas spp, Salmonella spp, and Staphylococcus aureus. The goal was to address a risk-based process for choosing the log(10) reduction recommendations, in contrast to the current US Environmental Protection Agency requirements.
Method: For each microbe evaluated, the QMRA model included specific dose-response models, occurrence determination of aerobic bacteria and specific organisms on fomites, exposure assessment, risk characterization, and risk reduction. Risk estimates were determined for a simple scenario using a single touch of a contaminated surface and self-inoculation. A comparative analysis of log(10) reductions, as suggested by the US Environmental Protection Agency, and the risks based on this QMRA approach was also undertaken.
Results: The literature review and meta-analysis showed that aerobic bacteria were the most commonly studied on fomites, averaging 100 colony-forming units (CFU)/cm(2). Pseudomonas aeruginosa was found at a level of 3.3 x 10(-1) CFU/cm(2); methicillin-resistant S aureus (MRSA), at 6.4 x 10(-1) CFU/cm(2). Risk estimates per contact event ranged from a high of 10(-3) for norovirus to a low of 10(-9) for S aureus.
Conclusion: This QMRA analysis suggests that a reduction in bacterial numbers on a fomite by 99% (2 logs) most often will reduce the risk of infection from a single contact to less than 1 in 1 million. Copyright (C) 2014 by the Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology, Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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Details
- Title
- Application of quantitative microbial risk assessment for selection of microbial reduction targets for hard surface disinfectants
- Creators
- Michael O. Ryan - Drexel UniversityCharles N. Haas - Drexel UniversityPatrick L. Gurian - Drexel UniversityCharles P. Gerba - University of ArizonaBrian M. Panzl - Michigan State UniversityJoan B. Rose - Michigan State University
- Publication Details
- American journal of infection control, v 42(11), pp 1165-1172
- Publisher
- Elsevier
- Number of pages
- 8
- Grant note
- RC102673 / Procter & Gamble, Cincinatti, OH
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Language
- English
- Academic Unit
- Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering
- Web of Science ID
- WOS:000344747900007
- Scopus ID
- 2-s2.0-84927614084
- Other Identifier
- 991019168111504721
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- Collaboration types
- Domestic collaboration
- Web of Science research areas
- Infectious Diseases
- Public, Environmental & Occupational Health