Logo image
Assessing Clinical Improvement of Infants Hospitalized for Respiratory Syncytial Virus-Related Critical Illness
Journal article   Peer reviewed

Assessing Clinical Improvement of Infants Hospitalized for Respiratory Syncytial Virus-Related Critical Illness

Shannon B. Leland, Laura D. Zambrano, Steven J. Staffa, Elizabeth R. Mcnamara, Margaret M. Newhams, Natasha Halasa, Justin Z. Amarin, Laura S. Stewart, Steven L. Shein, Christopher L. Carroll, …
The Journal of infectious diseases, v 232(6), pp 1283-1291
20 Dec 2025
PMID: 39812486

Abstract

Life Sciences & Biomedicine Science & Technology Immunology Infectious Diseases Microbiology
Background Pediatric respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)-related acute lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) commonly requires hospitalization. The Clinical Progression Scale-Pediatrics (CPS-Ped) measures level of respiratory support and degree of hypoxia across a range of disease severity, but it has not been applied in infants hospitalized with severe RSV-LRTI. Methods We analyzed data from a prospective surveillance registry of infants hospitalized for RSV-related complications across 39 pediatric intensive care units in the United States from October through December 2022. We assigned CPS-Ped (0 = discharged home at respiratory baseline to 8 = death) at admission and days 2-7, 10, and 14. We identified predictors of clinical improvement (CPS-Ped <= 2 or 3-point decrease) by day 7 using multivariable log-binomial regression models and estimated the sample size (80% power) to detect 15% between-group clinical improvement with CPS-Ped versus hospital length of stay (LOS). Results Of 585 hospitalized infants, 138 (23.6%) received invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) and 1 died. Failure to clinically improve by day 7 occurred in 205 (35%) infants and was associated with age <3 months, prematurity, underlying respiratory condition, and IMV in the first 24 hours in the multivariable analysis. The estimated sample size per arm required for detecting a 15% clinical improvement in a potential study was 584 using CPS-Ped clinical improvement versus 2031 for hospital LOS. Conclusions CPS-Ped can be used to capture a range of disease severity and track clinical improvement in infants who develop RSV-related critical illness and could be useful for evaluating therapeutic interventions for RSV.

Details

UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

This publication has contributed to the advancement of the following goals:

#3 Good Health and Well-Being

Source: SDGs in the Output

InCites Highlights

Data related to this publication, from InCites Benchmarking & Analytics tool:

Collaboration types
Domestic collaboration
Web of Science research areas
Immunology
Infectious Diseases
Microbiology
Logo image