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Assessing Perceived Change in the Well-being of Family Caregivers: Psychometric Properties of the Perceived Change Index and Response Patterns
Journal article   Open access   Peer reviewed

Assessing Perceived Change in the Well-being of Family Caregivers: Psychometric Properties of the Perceived Change Index and Response Patterns

Laura N. Gitlin, Laraine Winter, Marie P. Dennis and Walter W. Hauck
American journal of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias, v 21(5), pp 304-311
Oct 2006
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1533317506292283
PMID: 17062548
url
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/1533317506292283View
Published, Version of Record (VoR) Open
url
https://doi.org/10.1177/1533317506292283View
Published, Version of Record (VoR) Open

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Perceived Change Index (PCI), a 13-item scale that measures caregiver appraisals of self-improvement or decline in distinct areas of well-being, and to examine demographic differences in responses. The scale was administered to 255 care-givers participating at the Philadelphia site of the National Institute of Aging-funded Resources for Enhancing Alzheimer’s Caregiver Health initiative. Principal axis analysis with one half of the sample was used to evaluate factor structure. Evidence of convergent and divergent validity was examined using the second half of the sample. Differential response patterns by caregiver characteristics were also examined using regression analysis. Using one half of the sample, 3 underlying factors were found (affect, α = .85; somatic, α = .80; management, α = .76), accounting for 63% of the variance. The overall index was internally consistent (Cronbach’s α = .90). Using the second half of the sample, Pearson correlational analyses of the overall index and its subscales revealed that perceived improvement was significantly associated with fewer depressive symptoms, higher scores on perceived positive aspects of caregiving, and more participation in social activities. As expected, it was not associated with the care recipient’s Mini-Mental Status Examination scores or functional status. Perceived improvement scores for specific areas of well-being were associated with being African American, male, and a spouse. The PCI is a brief, easily administered, and valid self-report measure that can serve as an indicator of caregiver appraisal of well-being in research and clinical practice.

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