Assessing the Mental Health Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on US Fire-Based Emergency Medical Services Responders: A Tale of Two Samples (The RAPID Study I)
Madison E Raposa, Gabrielle Mullin, Regan Murray, Lauren Shepler, Katherine Castro, Alexandra Fisher, Victoria Gallogly, Andrea Davis, Christian Resick, Jin Lee, …
Journal of occupational and environmental medicine, v 65(4), pp e184-e194
Coronaviruses Corporate culture COVID-19 Decision making Emergency medical services Emergency response Fires Industrial safety Morale Organizational aspects Pandemics Regression models Safety management Aggression Burnout Mental Health Safety
Objective : This study aimed to examine the COVID-19 pandemic's impact on fire service safety culture, behavior and morale, levers of well-being, and well-being outcomes.
Methods : Two samples (Stress and Violence against fire-based EMS Responders [SAVER], consisting of 3 metropolitan departments, and Fire service Organizational Culture of Safety [FOCUS], a geographically stratified random sample of 17 departments) were assessed monthly from May to October 2020. Fire department–specific and pooled scores were calculated. Linear regression was used to model trends.
Results : We observed concerningly low and decreasing scores on management commitment to safety, leadership communication, supervisor sense-giving, and decision-making. We observed increasing and concerning scores for burnout, intent to leave the profession, and percentage at high risk for anxiety and depression.
Conclusions : Our findings suggest that organizational attributes remained generally stable but low during the pandemic and impacted well-being outcomes, job satisfaction, and engagement. Improving safety culture can address the mental health burden of this work.