Journal article
Astronomical pacing of relative sea level during Oceanic Anoxic Event 2: Preliminary studies of the expanded SH#1 Core, Utah, USA
GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA BULLETIN, v 131(09-Oct), pp 1702-1722
01 Sep 2019
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Abstract
Proximal marine strata of the North American Western Interior Basin (WIB) preserve a rich record of biotic turnover during Oceanic Anoxic Event 2 (OAE2; ca. 94 Ma), a pronounced Late Cretaceous carbon cycle perturbation interpreted to reflect global warming, widespread hypoxia, and possible ocean acidification. To develop a more robust synthesis of paleobiologic and geochemical data sets spanning this Earth-life transition, we drilled the 131 m Smoky Hollow #1 Core (SH#1), on the Kaiparowits Plateau of southern Utah, USA, recovering the Cenomanian-Turonian Boundary (CTB) interval in the Tropic Shale Formation. A 17.5 m positive excursion in high-resolution bulk carbon isotope chemostratigraphy (delta C-13(org)) of SH#1 characterizes the most expanded OAE2 record recovered from the mid-latitudes of the WIB.
Depleted values in a paired carbonate carbon isotope (delta C-13(org)) chemostratigraphy cyclically punctuate the OAE2 excursion. These depletions correspond to intervals in the core with a higher degree of carbonate diagenesis and correlate well to an existing sequence stratigraphic framework of flooding surfaces in the shoreface facies of the Markagunt Plateau (similar to 100 km west). We detect statistically significant evidence for astronomical cycles in the delta C-13(org), data set, imparted by diagenesis at flooding surfaces, and develop a floating astronomical time scale (ATS) for the study interval. Stable eccentricity cycles 405 k.y.) align with stratigraphic sequences and associated trends in sedimentation rate, and short eccentricity cycles (similar to 100 k.y.) pace nested parasequences. These results confirm an astronomical signal and, therefore, climatic forcing of relative sea level during OAE2 in the WIB. Furthermore, cross-basin correlation of the ATS and expanded delta(13)C( )chemostratigraphy of SH#1 suggests that these transgressive-regressive parasequences modulated siliciclastic sediment delivery in the seaway and contributed to deposition of prominent rhythmically bedded CTB units across the WIB, including the Bridge Creek Limestone. The presented approach to analysis of these proximal offshore siliciclastic facies links early diagenetic influences on chemostratigraphy to astronomically modulated sequence stratigraphic horizons, and helps to resolve rates of paleobiologic and paleoenvironmental change during a significant Mesozoic carbon cycle perturbation.
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Details
- Title
- Astronomical pacing of relative sea level during Oceanic Anoxic Event 2: Preliminary studies of the expanded SH#1 Core, Utah, USA
- Creators
- Matthew M. Jones - Northwestern UniversityBradley B. Sageman - Northwestern UniversityRosie L. Oakes - Drexel UniversityAmanda L. Parker - Univ Massachusetts, Dept Geosci, 627 North Pleast St,233 Morrill Sci Ctr, Amherst, MA 01003 USAR. Mark Leckie - University of Massachusetts AmherstTimothy J. Bralower - Pennsylvania State UniversityJulio Sepulveda - Institute of Arctic and Alpine ResearchVictoria Fortiz - Pennsylvania State University
- Publication Details
- GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA BULLETIN, v 131(09-Oct), pp 1702-1722
- Publisher
- Geological Soc Amer, Inc
- Number of pages
- 21
- Grant note
- 1338312; 1338316; 1338317; 1338318 / National Science Foundation (NSF) Earth-Life Transitions (ELT) program: NSF Division of Earth Sciences; National Science Foundation (NSF); NSF - Directorate for Geosciences (GEO) American Association of Petroleum Geologists Foundation's Alexander and Geraldine Wanek Memorial Grant
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Language
- English
- Academic Unit
- Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University; Drexel University
- Web of Science ID
- WOS:000483604100015
- Scopus ID
- 2-s2.0-85063756025
- Other Identifier
- 991021860793604721
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- Collaboration types
- Domestic collaboration
- Web of Science research areas
- Geosciences, Multidisciplinary