Journal article
Calpain as a therapeutic target in traumatic brain injury
Neurotherapeutics, v 7(1)
Jan 2010
PMID: 20129495
Featured in Collection : UN Sustainable Development Goals @ Drexel
Abstract
The family of calcium-activated neutral proteases, calpains, appears to play a key role in neuropathologic events following traumatic brain injury (TBI). Neuronal calpain activation has been observed within minutes to hours after either contusive or diffuse brain trauma in animals, suggesting that calpains are an early mediator of neuronal damage. Whereas transient calpain activation triggers numerous cell signaling and remodeling events involved in normal physiological processes, the sustained calpain activation produced by trauma is associated with neuron death and axonal degeneration in multiple models of TBI. Nonetheless, the causal relationship between calpain activation and neuronal death is not fully understood. Much remains to be learned regarding the endogenous regulatory mechanisms for controlling calpain activity, the roles of different calpain isoforms, and the
in vivo
substrates affected by calpain. Detection of stable proteolytic fragments of the submembrane cytoskeletal protein αII-spectrin specific for cleavage by calpains has been the most widely used marker of calpain activation in models of TBI. More recently, these protein fragments have been detected in the cerebrospinal fluid after TBI, driving interest in their potential utility as TBI-associated biomarkers. Post-traumatic inhibition of calpains, either direct or indirect through targets related to intracellular calcium regulation, is associated with attenuation of functional and behavioral deficits, axonal pathology, and cell death in animal models of TBI. This review focuses on the current state of knowledge of the role of calpains in TBI-induced neuropathology and effectiveness of calpain as a therapeutic target in the acute post-traumatic period.
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Details
- Title
- Calpain as a therapeutic target in traumatic brain injury
- Creators
- Kathryn E Saatman - grid.266539.d0000000419368438Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center, Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, 40536-0509 Lexington, KentuckyJennifer Creed - grid.166341.70000000121813113Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Drexel University College of Medicine, 19129 Philadelphia, PennsylvaniaRamesh Raghupathi - grid.166341.70000000121813113Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Drexel University College of Medicine, 19129 Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Publication Details
- Neurotherapeutics, v 7(1)
- Publisher
- Springer-Verlag; New York
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Language
- English
- Academic Unit
- Neurobiology and Anatomy
- Web of Science ID
- WOS:000273232400005
- Scopus ID
- 2-s2.0-72949093813
- Other Identifier
- 991014878157504721
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- Collaboration types
- Domestic collaboration
- Web of Science research areas
- Clinical Neurology
- Neurosciences
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy