Journal article
Cardiovascular Risk Factors, Depression, and Alcohol Consumption During Joblessness and During Recessions Among Young Adults in CARDIA
American journal of epidemiology, v 187(11), pp 2339-2345
27 Jun 2018
PMID: 29955769
Featured in Collection : UN Sustainable Development Goals @ Drexel
Abstract
Research has shown that recessions are associated with lower cardiovascular mortality, but unemployed individuals have a higher risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) or death. We used data from 8 consecutive examinations (1985–2011) of the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) cohort, modeled in fixed-effect panel regressions, to investigate simultaneously the associations of CVD risk factors with the employment status of individuals and the macroeconomic conditions prevalent in the state where the individual lives. We found that unemployed individuals had lower levels of blood pressure, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and physical activity, and they had significantly higher depression scores, but they were similar to their counterparts in smoking status, alcohol consumption, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, body mass index, and waist circumference. A 1-percentage-point higher unemployment rate at the state level was associated with lower systolic (−0.41 mm Hg, 95% CI: −0.65, −0.17) and diastolic (−0.19, 95% CI: −0.39, 0.01) blood pressure, higher physical activity levels, higher depressive symptom scores, lower waist circumference, and less smoking. We conclude that levels of CVD risk factors tend to improve during recessions, but mental health tends to deteriorate. Unemployed individuals are significantly more depressed, and they likely have lower levels of physical activity and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.
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Details
- Title
- Cardiovascular Risk Factors, Depression, and Alcohol Consumption During Joblessness and During Recessions Among Young Adults in CARDIA
- Creators
- José A Tapia Granados - Drexel UniversityPaul J Christine - University of Michigan–Ann ArborEdward L Ionides - University of Michigan–Ann ArborMercedes R Carnethon - Northwestern UniversityAna V Diez Roux - Drexel UniversityCatarina I Kiefe - University of Massachusetts Medical SchoolPamela J Schreiner - University of Minnesota
- Publication Details
- American journal of epidemiology, v 187(11), pp 2339-2345
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press
- Grant note
- ; ; ; HHSN268201300025C; HHSN268201300026C; HHSN268201300027C; HHSN268201300028C; HHSN268201300029C; HHSN268200900041C / ; ; ;
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Language
- English
- Academic Unit
- Urban Health Collaborative; Politics
- Web of Science ID
- WOS:000450031800009
- Scopus ID
- 2-s2.0-85055859131
- Other Identifier
- 991019168183404721
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- Collaboration types
- Domestic collaboration
- Web of Science research areas
- Public, Environmental & Occupational Health