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Changes in clinical measures and tissue adaptations in collegiate swimmers across a competitive season
Journal article   Peer reviewed

Changes in clinical measures and tissue adaptations in collegiate swimmers across a competitive season

Angela Tate, Joseph Sarver, Laura DiPaola, Jeffrey Yim, Ryan Paul and Stephen J. Thomas
Journal of shoulder and elbow surgery, v 29(11), pp 2375-2384
Nov 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jse.2020.03.028
PMID: 33070869
Featured in Collection :   UN Sustainable Development Goals @ Drexel

Abstract

athletic training endurance injury prevention physical therapy range of motion shoulder Swimming
Competitive swimmers incur shoulder pain and injury. Physical characteristics such as shoulder range of motion (ROM) and endurance and tissue adaptations such as posterior capsule thickness (PCT) may be risk factors in addition to high training volume. 1) To identify the most provocative special test and prevalence of positive special tests for shoulder impingement tests in a group of collegiate swimmers, (2) to assess shoulder pain and disability, internal rotation (IR) and external rotation, and horizontal adduction (HADD) ROM and posterior shoulder endurance longitudinally over a competitive collegiate season, and (3) determine if there is a relationship between swimming yardage, supraspinatus tendon organization, and PCT. Thirty Division III swimmers were tested poolside at the beginning (T1), middle (T2), and end (T3) of their season. Dependent variables included pain and disability, shoulder ROM, Posterior Shoulder Endurance Test (PSET) value, and PCT. Analyses of variance with follow-up t tests compared measures over time, and Pearson correlation coefficients were performed. Despite increased swimming yardage, disability was reduced from T1 to T3 (P = .003). There was a reduction in bilateral IR and HADD ROM from T1 to T3. PSET values increased on the right from T1 to T3 (P = .014). There was a significant positive correlation between swimming yardage at T1 and T2 and PCT at T3 (P = .034, P = .028). A loss of shoulder IR and HADD was observed across the season concurrent with less swimming-related disability, which may indicate a favorable adaptation. Improved PSET scores over the season is consistent with prior research linking endurance and less pain and disability.

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17 citations in Web of Science
17 citations in Scopus

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Collaboration types
Domestic collaboration
Web of Science research areas
Orthopedics
Sport Sciences
Surgery
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