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Accepted (AM)Open Access (License Unspecified), Open
Journal article
Clinical contributors to cerebral white matter integrity in HIV-infected individuals
Journal of neurovirology, v 17(5), pp 477-486
01 Oct 2011
PMID: 21965122
Featured in Collection : UN Sustainable Development Goals @ Drexel
Abstract
HIV-infected people frequently exhibit brain dysfunction characterized by preferential damage to the cerebral white matter. Despite suppressed viral load and reconstituted immune function afforded by combination antiretroviral therapy (CART), brain dysfunction continues to be observed even in medically stable individuals. To provide insight into the etiology of HIV-associated brain dysfunction in the CART era, we examined the effects of HIV disease markers, antiretroviral treatment, hepatitis C (HCV) coinfection, and age on DTI measures of white matter integrity in a cohort of 85 individuals aged 23 to 65 years with chronic HIV infection. Fractional anisotropy and mean diffusivity were derived from 29 cerebral white matter regions, which were segmented on each individual brain using a high-resolution T1-weighted image and registered to diffusion images. Significant effects of clinical variables were found on white matter abnormalities in nearly all brain regions examined. Most notably, HCV coinfection and older age were associated with decreased anisotropy or increased diffusivity in the majority of brain regions. Individuals with higher current CD4 levels exhibited higher anisotropy in parietal lobe regions, while those undergoing antiretroviral treatment exhibited higher anisotropy in temporal lobe regions. The observed diffuse pattern of white matter injury suggests that future neuroimaging studies should employ methodologies that are not limited to circumscribed regions of interest. The current findings underline the multifactorial nature of HIV-associated brain dysfunction in the CART era, and the importance of examining the effects of HIV disease in the context of other comorbidities, in particular HCV coinfection and aging.
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Details
- Title
- Clinical contributors to cerebral white matter integrity in HIV-infected individuals
- Creators
- Assawin Gongvatana - Brown UniversityRonald A. Cohen - Brown UniversityStephen Correia - Brown UniversityKathryn N. Devlin - Brown UniversityJadrian Miles - Brown UniversityHakmook Kang - Vanderbilt UniversityHernando Ombao - Brown UniversityBradford Navia - Tufts UniversityDavid H. Laidlaw - Brown UniversityKaren T. Tashima - Brown University
- Publication Details
- Journal of neurovirology, v 17(5), pp 477-486
- Publisher
- Springer Nature
- Number of pages
- 10
- Grant note
- K99AA020235 / NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON ALCOHOL ABUSE AND ALCOHOLISM; United States Department of Health & Human Services; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Institute on Alcohol Abuse & Alcoholism (NIAAA) K99AA020235; R01MH074368; P30AI042853 / NIH; United States Department of Health & Human Services; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA R01MH074368 / NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL HEALTH; United States Department of Health & Human Services; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) P30AI042853 / NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES; United States Department of Health & Human Services; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Institute of Allergy & Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Language
- English
- Academic Unit
- Psychological and Brain Sciences (Psychology)
- Web of Science ID
- WOS:000299122000008
- Scopus ID
- 2-s2.0-84856189724
- Other Identifier
- 991021448056204721
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- Collaboration types
- Domestic collaboration
- Web of Science research areas
- Neurosciences
- Virology