Conductivity hysteresis in MXene driven by structural dynamics of nanoconfined water

This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, grant No. DE-SC0018618. The authors also acknowledge financial support by DAAD (A.A.), Volkswagen Foundation Freigeist Fellowship 89592 (A.A. and T.P.), European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program, grant 947852 (M.L., F.A., and T.P.). The authors acknowledge the kind support of staff members of the BESSY II synchrotron facility, especially Nico Grimm, Rene Grueneberger, and Dirk Wallacher, for help with the XRD sample environment. The TMP-CCR-HXR sample environment at HZB received funding from the BMBF program ErUM-Pro. We thank HZB for allocating synchrotron radiation beamtimes (proposals 221-11173 EF, 222-11345 EF, 192-08894 EF/R). The authors thank Professor Steve May for helpful discussions on the transport properties of MXene and for providing access to the Physical Property Measurement System (PPMS), Dr. Kanit Hantanasirisakul for initial measurements of temperature-dependent conductivity at Drexel University, and Professor Andre Geim of the University of Manchester for his helpful comments on this work.