Constraints on the Correlation of IceCube Neutrinos with a Tracer of Nearby Large-scale Structure

R. Abbasi; M. Ackermann; J. Adams; S. K. Agarwalla; J. A. Aguilar; M. Ahlers; J.M. Alameddine; S. Ali; N. M. Amin; K. Andeen; C. Argüelles; Y. Ashida; S. Athanasiadou; S. N. Axani; R. Babu; X. Bai; J. Baines-Holmes; A. Balagopal V.; S. W. Barwick; S. Bash; V. Basu; R. Bay; J. J. Beatty; J. Becker Tjus; P. Behrens; J. Beise; C. Bellenghi; B. Benkel; S. BenZvi; D. Berley; E. Bernardini; D. Z. Besson; E. Blaufuss; L. Bloom; S. Blot; I. Bodo; F. Bontempo; J. Y. Book Motzkin; C. Boscolo Meneguolo; S. Böser; O. Botner; J. Böttcher; J. Braun; B. Brinson; Z. Brisson-Tsavoussis; R. T. Burley; D. Butterfield; M. A. Campana; K. Carloni; J. Carpio; S. Chattopadhyay; N. Chau; Z. Chen; D. Chirkin; S. Choi; B. A. Clark; A. Coleman; P. Coleman; G. H. Collin; D. A. Coloma Borja; A. Connolly; J. M. Conrad; D. F. Cowen; C. De Clercq; J. J. DeLaunay; D. Delgado; T. Delmeulle; S. Deng; P. Desiati; K. D. de Vries; G. de Wasseige; T. DeYoung; J. C. Díaz-Vélez; S. DiKerby; T. Ding; M. Dittmer; A. Domi; L. Draper; L. Dueser; D. Durnford; K. Dutta; M. A. DuVernois; T. Ehrhardt; L. Eidenschink; A. Eimer; P. Eller; E. Ellinger; D. Elsässer; R. Engel; H. Erpenbeck; W. Esmail; S. Eulig; J. Evans; P. A. Evenson; K. L. Fan; K. Fang; K. Farrag; A. R. Fazely; A. Fedynitch; N. Feigl; C. Finley; L. Fischer; D. Fox; A. Franckowiak; S. Fukami; P. Fürst; J. Gallagher; E. Ganster; A. Garcia; M. Garcia; G. Garg; E. Genton; L. Gerhardt; A. Ghadimi; T. Glüsenkamp; J. G. Gonzalez; S. Goswami; A. Granados; D. Grant; S. J. Gray; S. Griffin; S. Griswold; K. M. Groth; D. Guevel; C. Günther; P. Gutjahr; C. Ha; C. Haack; A. Hallgren; L. Halve; F. Halzen; L. Hamacher; M. Ha Minh; M. Handt; K. Hanson; J. Hardin; A. A. Harnisch; P. Hatch; A. Haungs; J. Häussler; K. Helbing; J. Hellrung; B. Henke; L. Hennig; F. Henningsen; L. Heuermann; R. Hewett; N. Heyer; S. Hickford; A. Hidvegi; C. Hill; G. C. Hill; R. Hmaid; K. D. Hoffman; D. Hooper; S. Hori; K. Hoshina; M. Hostert; W. Hou; M. Hrywniak; T. Huber; K. Hultqvist; K. Hymon; A. Ishihara; W. Iwakiri; M. Jacquart; S. Jain; O. Janik; M. Jansson; M. Jeong; M. Jin; N. Kamp; D. Kang; W. Kang; X. Kang; A. Kappes; L. Kardum; T. Karg; M. Karl; A. Karle; A. Katil; M. Kauer; J. L. Kelley; M. Khanal; A. Khatee Zathul; A. Kheirandish; H. Kimku; J. Kiryluk; C. Klein; S. R. Klein; Y. Kobayashi; A. Kochocki; R. Koirala; H. Kolanoski; T. Kontrimas; L. Köpke; C. Kopper; D. J. Koskinen; P. Koundal; M. Kowalski; T. Kozynets; A. Kravka; N. Krieger; J. Krishnamoorthi; T. Krishnan; K. Kruiswijk; E. Krupczak; A. Kumar; E. Kun; N. Kurahashi; N. Lad; C. Lagunas Gualda; L. Lallement Arnaud; M. Lamoureux; M. J. Larson; F. Lauber; J. P. Lazar; K. Leonard DeHolton; A. Leszczyńska; J. Liao; C. Lin; Q. R. Liu; Y. T. Liu; M. Liubarska; C. Love; L. Lu; F. Lucarelli; W. Luszczak; Y. Lyu; M. Macdonald; J. Madsen; E. Magnus; Y. Makino; E. Manao; S. Mancina; A. Mand; I. C. Mariş; S. Marka; Z. Marka; L. Marten; I. Martinez-Soler; R. Maruyama; J. Mauro; F. Mayhew; F. McNally; J. V. Mead; K. Meagher; S. Mechbal; A. Medina; M. Meier; Y. Merckx; L. Merten; J. Mitchell; L. Molchany; S. Mondal; T. Montaruli; R. W. Moore; Y. Morii; A. Mosbrugger; M. Moulai; D. Mousadi; E. Moyaux; T. Mukherjee; R. Naab; M. Nakos; U. Naumann; J. Necker; L. Neste; M. Neumann; H. Niederhausen; M. U. Nisa; K. Noda; A. Noell; A. Novikov; A. Obertacke; V. O’Dell; A. Olivas; R. Orsoe; J. Osborn; E. O’Sullivan; V. Palusova; H. Pandya; A. Parenti; N. Park; V. Parrish; E. N. Paudel; L. Paul; C. Pérez de los Heros; T. Pernice; T. C. Petersen; J. Peterson; M. Plum; A. Pontén; V. Poojyam; Y. Popovych; M. Prado Rodriguez; B. Pries; R. Procter Murphy; G. T. Przybylski; L. Pyras; C. Raab; J. Rack-Helleis; N. Rad; M. Ravn; K. Rawlins; Z. Rechav; A. Rehman; I. Reistroffer; E. Resconi; S. Reusch; C. D. Rho; W. Rhode; L. Ricca; B. Riedel; A. Rifaie; E. J. Roberts; M. Rongen; A. Rosted; C. Rott; T. Ruhe; L. Ruohan; D. Ryckbosch; J. Saffer; D. Salazar-Gallegos; P. Sampathkumar; A. Sandrock; G. Sanger-Johnson; M. Santander; S. Sarkar; J. Savelberg; M. Scarnera; P. Schaile; M. Schaufel; H. Schieler; S. Schindler; L. Schlickmann; B. Schlüter; F. Schlüter; N. Schmeisser; T. Schmidt; F. G. Schröder; L. Schumacher; S. Schwirn; S. Sclafani; D. Seckel; L. Seen; M. Seikh; S. Seunarine; P. A. Sevle Myhr; R. Shah; S. Shefali; N. Shimizu; B. Skrzypek; R. Snihur; J. Soedingrekso; A. Sègaard; D. Soldin; P. Soldin; G. Sommani; C. Spannfellner; G. M. Spiczak; C. Spiering; J. Stachurska; M. Stamatikos; T. Stanev; T. Stezelberger; T. Stürwald; T. Stuttard; G. W. Sullivan; I. Taboada; S. Ter-Antonyan; A. Terliuk; A. Thakuri; M. Thiesmeyer; W. G. Thompson; J. Thwaites; S. Tilav; K. Tollefson; S. Toscano; D. Tosi; A. Trettin; A. K. Upadhyay; K. Upshaw; A. Vaidyanathan; N. Valtonen-Mattila; J. Valverde; J. Vandenbroucke; T. Van Eeden; N. van Eijndhoven; L. Van Rootselaar; J. van Santen; J. Vara; F. Varsi; M. Venugopal; M. Vereecken; S. Vergara Carrasco; S. Verpoest; D. Veske; A. Vijai; J. Villarreal; C. Walck; A. Wang; E. H. S. Warrick; C. Weaver; P. Weigel; A. Weindl; J. Weldert; A. Y. Wen; C. Wendt; J. Werthebach; M. Weyrauch; N. Whitehorn; C. H. Wiebusch; D. R. Williams; L. Witthaus; M. Wolf; G. Wrede; X. W. Xu; J. P. Yanez; Y. Yao; E. Yildizci; S. Yoshida; R. Young; F. Yu; S. Yu; T. Yuan; A. Zander Jurowitzki; A. Zegarelli; S. Zhang; Z. Zhang; P. Zhelnin; P. Zilberman; IceCube Collaboration

doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ae43df

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Constraints on the Correlation of IceCube Neutrinos with a Tracer of Nearby Large-scale Structure

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Constraints on the Correlation of IceCube Neutrinos with a Tracer of Nearby Large-scale Structure

R. Abbasi, M. Ackermann, J. Adams, S. K. Agarwalla, J. A. Aguilar, M. Ahlers, J.M. Alameddine, S. Ali, N. M. Amin, K. Andeen, …

The Astrophysical journal, v 1000(1), 124

20 Mar 2026

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ae43df

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Abstract

The IceCube Neutrino Observatory has observed extragalactic astrophysical neutrinos with an apparently isotropic distribution. Only a small fraction of the observed astrophysical neutrinos can be explained by known sources. Neutrino production is thought to occur in energetic environments that are ultimately powered by the gravitational collapse of dense regions of the large-scale mass distribution in the universe. Whatever their identity, neutrino sources likely trace this large-scale mass distribution. The clustering of neutrinos with a tracer of the large-scale structure may provide insight into the distribution of neutrino sources with respect to redshift and the identity of neutrino sources. We implement a two-point angular cross correlation of the Northern sky track events with an infrared galaxy catalog derived from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) and Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS) source catalogs, which trace the nearby large-scale structure. No statistically significant correlation is found between the neutrinos and this infrared galaxy catalog. We find that ≤54% of the diffuse muon neutrino flux can be attributed to sources correlated with the galaxy catalog with 90% confidence. Additionally, when assuming that the neutrino source comoving density evolves following a power law in redshift, dN s / dV ∝ (1 + z ) k , we find that sources with negative evolution, in particular k < −1.75, are disfavored at the 90% confidence level.

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Title: Constraints on the Correlation of IceCube Neutrinos with a Tracer of Nearby Large-scale Structure
Creators: R. Abbasi
M. Ackermann
J. Adams
S. K. Agarwalla
J. A. Aguilar
M. Ahlers
J.M. Alameddine
S. Ali
N. M. Amin
K. Andeen
C. Argüelles
Y. Ashida
S. Athanasiadou
S. N. Axani
R. Babu
X. Bai
J. Baines-Holmes
A. Balagopal V.
S. W. Barwick
S. Bash
V. Basu
R. Bay
J. J. Beatty
J. Becker Tjus
P. Behrens
J. Beise
C. Bellenghi
B. Benkel
S. BenZvi
D. Berley
E. Bernardini
D. Z. Besson
E. Blaufuss
L. Bloom
S. Blot
I. Bodo
F. Bontempo
J. Y. Book Motzkin
C. Boscolo Meneguolo
S. Böser
O. Botner
J. Böttcher
J. Braun
B. Brinson
Z. Brisson-Tsavoussis
R. T. Burley
D. Butterfield
M. A. Campana
K. Carloni
J. Carpio
S. Chattopadhyay
N. Chau
Z. Chen
D. Chirkin
S. Choi
B. A. Clark
A. Coleman
P. Coleman
G. H. Collin
D. A. Coloma Borja
A. Connolly
J. M. Conrad
D. F. Cowen
C. De Clercq
J. J. DeLaunay
D. Delgado
T. Delmeulle
S. Deng
P. Desiati
K. D. de Vries
G. de Wasseige
T. DeYoung
J. C. Díaz-Vélez
S. DiKerby
T. Ding
M. Dittmer
A. Domi
L. Draper
L. Dueser
D. Durnford
K. Dutta
M. A. DuVernois
T. Ehrhardt
L. Eidenschink
A. Eimer
P. Eller
E. Ellinger
D. Elsässer
R. Engel
H. Erpenbeck
W. Esmail
S. Eulig
J. Evans
P. A. Evenson
K. L. Fan
K. Fang
K. Farrag
A. R. Fazely
A. Fedynitch
N. Feigl
C. Finley
L. Fischer
D. Fox
A. Franckowiak
S. Fukami
P. Fürst
J. Gallagher
E. Ganster
A. Garcia
M. Garcia
G. Garg
E. Genton
L. Gerhardt
A. Ghadimi
T. Glüsenkamp
J. G. Gonzalez
S. Goswami
A. Granados
D. Grant
S. J. Gray
S. Griffin
S. Griswold
K. M. Groth
D. Guevel
C. Günther
P. Gutjahr
C. Ha
C. Haack
A. Hallgren
L. Halve
F. Halzen
L. Hamacher
M. Ha Minh
M. Handt
K. Hanson
J. Hardin
A. A. Harnisch
P. Hatch
A. Haungs
J. Häussler
K. Helbing
J. Hellrung
B. Henke
L. Hennig
F. Henningsen
L. Heuermann
R. Hewett
N. Heyer
S. Hickford
A. Hidvegi
C. Hill
G. C. Hill
R. Hmaid
K. D. Hoffman
D. Hooper
S. Hori
K. Hoshina
M. Hostert
W. Hou
M. Hrywniak
T. Huber
K. Hultqvist
K. Hymon
A. Ishihara
W. Iwakiri
M. Jacquart
S. Jain
O. Janik
M. Jansson
M. Jeong
M. Jin
N. Kamp
D. Kang
W. Kang
X. Kang
A. Kappes
L. Kardum
T. Karg
M. Karl
A. Karle
A. Katil
M. Kauer
J. L. Kelley
M. Khanal
A. Khatee Zathul
A. Kheirandish
H. Kimku
J. Kiryluk
C. Klein
S. R. Klein
Y. Kobayashi
A. Kochocki
R. Koirala
H. Kolanoski
T. Kontrimas
L. Köpke
C. Kopper
D. J. Koskinen
P. Koundal
M. Kowalski
T. Kozynets
A. Kravka
N. Krieger
J. Krishnamoorthi
T. Krishnan
K. Kruiswijk
E. Krupczak
A. Kumar
E. Kun
N. Kurahashi
N. Lad
C. Lagunas Gualda
L. Lallement Arnaud
M. Lamoureux
M. J. Larson
F. Lauber
J. P. Lazar
K. Leonard DeHolton
A. Leszczyńska
J. Liao
C. Lin
Q. R. Liu
Y. T. Liu
M. Liubarska
C. Love
L. Lu
F. Lucarelli
W. Luszczak
Y. Lyu
M. Macdonald
J. Madsen
E. Magnus
Y. Makino
E. Manao
S. Mancina
A. Mand
I. C. Mariş
S. Marka
Z. Marka
L. Marten
I. Martinez-Soler
R. Maruyama
J. Mauro
F. Mayhew
F. McNally
J. V. Mead
K. Meagher
S. Mechbal
A. Medina
M. Meier
Y. Merckx
L. Merten
J. Mitchell
L. Molchany
S. Mondal
T. Montaruli
R. W. Moore
Y. Morii
A. Mosbrugger
M. Moulai
D. Mousadi
E. Moyaux
T. Mukherjee
R. Naab
M. Nakos
U. Naumann
J. Necker
L. Neste
M. Neumann
H. Niederhausen
M. U. Nisa
K. Noda
A. Noell
A. Novikov
A. Obertacke
V. O’Dell
A. Olivas
R. Orsoe
J. Osborn
E. O’Sullivan
V. Palusova
H. Pandya
A. Parenti
N. Park
V. Parrish
E. N. Paudel
L. Paul
C. Pérez de los Heros
T. Pernice
T. C. Petersen
J. Peterson
M. Plum
A. Pontén
V. Poojyam
Y. Popovych
M. Prado Rodriguez
B. Pries
R. Procter Murphy
G. T. Przybylski
L. Pyras
C. Raab
J. Rack-Helleis
N. Rad
M. Ravn
K. Rawlins
Z. Rechav
A. Rehman
I. Reistroffer
E. Resconi
S. Reusch
C. D. Rho
W. Rhode
L. Ricca
B. Riedel
A. Rifaie
E. J. Roberts
M. Rongen
A. Rosted
C. Rott
T. Ruhe
L. Ruohan
D. Ryckbosch
J. Saffer
D. Salazar-Gallegos
P. Sampathkumar
A. Sandrock
G. Sanger-Johnson
M. Santander
S. Sarkar
J. Savelberg
M. Scarnera
P. Schaile
M. Schaufel
H. Schieler
S. Schindler
L. Schlickmann
B. Schlüter
F. Schlüter
N. Schmeisser
T. Schmidt
F. G. Schröder
L. Schumacher
S. Schwirn
S. Sclafani
D. Seckel
L. Seen
M. Seikh
S. Seunarine
P. A. Sevle Myhr
R. Shah
S. Shefali
N. Shimizu
B. Skrzypek
R. Snihur
J. Soedingrekso
A. Sègaard
D. Soldin
P. Soldin
G. Sommani
C. Spannfellner
G. M. Spiczak
C. Spiering
J. Stachurska
M. Stamatikos
T. Stanev
T. Stezelberger
T. Stürwald
T. Stuttard
G. W. Sullivan
I. Taboada
S. Ter-Antonyan
A. Terliuk
A. Thakuri
M. Thiesmeyer
W. G. Thompson
J. Thwaites
S. Tilav
K. Tollefson
S. Toscano
D. Tosi
A. Trettin
A. K. Upadhyay
K. Upshaw
A. Vaidyanathan
N. Valtonen-Mattila
J. Valverde
J. Vandenbroucke
T. Van Eeden
N. van Eijndhoven
L. Van Rootselaar
J. van Santen
J. Vara
F. Varsi
M. Venugopal
M. Vereecken
S. Vergara Carrasco
S. Verpoest
D. Veske
A. Vijai
J. Villarreal
C. Walck
A. Wang
E. H. S. Warrick
C. Weaver
P. Weigel
A. Weindl
J. Weldert
A. Y. Wen
C. Wendt
J. Werthebach
M. Weyrauch
N. Whitehorn
C. H. Wiebusch
D. R. Williams
L. Witthaus
M. Wolf
G. Wrede
X. W. Xu
J. P. Yanez
Y. Yao
E. Yildizci
S. Yoshida
R. Young
F. Yu
S. Yu
T. Yuan
A. Zander Jurowitzki
A. Zegarelli
S. Zhang
Z. Zhang
P. Zhelnin
P. Zilberman
IceCube Collaboration
Publication Details: The Astrophysical journal, v 1000(1), 124
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Number of pages: 14
Grant note: United States: U.S. National Science Foundation, Office of Polar Programs U.S. National Science Foundation-Physics Division U.S. National Science Foundation, Established Program to Stimulate Competitive Research (EPSCoR) Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation Center for High Throughput Computing (CHTC) at the University of Wisconsin-Madison Open Science Grid (OSG) Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment (XSEDE) Frontera computing project at the Texas Advanced Computing Center Particle astrophysics research computing center at the University of Maryland Institute for Cyber-Enabled Research at Michigan State University Astroparticle physics computational facility at Marquette University Funds for Scientific Research (FRS-FNRS) Funds for Scientific Research (FWO) FWO Odysseus programme FWO Big Science programme Belgian Federal Science Policy Office (Belspo) Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung (BMBF) Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) Helmholtz Alliance for Astroparticle Physics (HAP) Initiative and Networking Fund of the Helmholtz Association Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron (DESY) High Performance Computing cluster of the RWTH Aachen Swedish Research Council Swedish Polar Research Secretariat Swedish National Infrastructure for Computing (SNIC) Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation Australian Research Council Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada Calcul Quebec Compute Ontario Canada Foundation for Innovation WestGrid Compute Canada Villum Fonden Carlsberg Foundation New Zealand Marsden Fund Japan Society for Promotion of Science (JSPS) Institute for Global Prominent Research (IGPR) of Chiba University National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF)
The IceCube collaboration acknowledges David Guevel's significant contributions to this manuscript. The authors gratefully acknowledge support from the following agencies and institutions. United States: U.S. National Science Foundation, Office of Polar Programs; U.S. National Science Foundation, Physics Division; U.S. National Science Foundation, Established Program to Stimulate Competitive Research (EPSCoR); U.S. National Science Foundation, Office of Advanced Cyberinfrastructure; Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation; Center for High Throughput Computing (CHTC) at the University of Wisconsin-Madison; Open Science Grid (OSG); Partnership to Advance Throughput Computing (PATh); Advanced Cyberinfrastructure Coordination Ecosystem: Services & Support (ACCESS); Frontera and Ranch Computing Project at the Texas Advanced Computing Center; U.S. Department of Energy, National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center; Particle Astrophysics Research Computing Center at the University of Maryland; Institute for Cyber-Enabled Research at Michigan State University; Astroparticle Physics Computational Facility at Marquette University; NVIDIA Corporation; and Google Cloud Platform. Belgium: Funds for Scientific Research (Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique [FNRS] and Flanders [FWO]), FWO Odysseus and Big Science Programmes, and Belgian Federal Science Policy Office (Belspo). Germany: Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung (BMBF), Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), Helmholtz Alliance for Astroparticle Physics (HAP), Initiative and Networking Fund of the Helmholtz Association, Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron (DESY), and the High Performance Computing cluster at RWTH Aachen University. Sweden: Swedish Research Council, Swedish Polar Research Secretariat, Swedish National Infrastructure for Computing (SNIC), and Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation. European Union: EGI Advanced Computing Services for Research. Australia: Australian Research Council. Canada: Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Calcul Quebec, Compute Ontario, Canada Foundation for Innovation, West-Grid, and Digital Research Alliance of Canada. Denmark: Villum Fonden, Carlsberg Foundation, and European Commission. New Zealand: Marsden Fund. Japan: Japan Society for Promotion of Science (JSPS) and Institute for Global Prominent Research (IGPR) of Chiba University. Korea: National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF). Switzerland: Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF).
Resource Type: Journal article
Language: English
Academic Unit: Physics
Web of Science ID: WOS:001730889400001
Other Identifier: 991022171587804721

Constraints on the Correlation of IceCube Neutrinos with a Tracer of Nearby Large-scale Structure

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