Journal article
Criteria for Selection of Surrogates Used To Study the Fate and Control of Pathogens in the Environment
Applied and environmental microbiology, Vol.78(6), pp.1969-1977
Mar 2012
PMCID: PMC3298155
PMID: 22247166
Featured in Collection : UN Sustainable Development Goals @ Drexel
Abstract
This article defines the term surrogate as an organism, particle, or substance used to study the fate of a pathogen in a specific environment. Pathogenic organisms, nonpathogenic organisms, and innocuous particles have been used as surrogates for a variety of purposes, including studies on survival and transport as well as for method development and as “indicators” of certain conditions. This article develops a qualitative surrogate attribute prioritization process and allows investigators to select a surrogate by systematically detailing the experimental process and prioritizing attributes. The results are described through the use of case studies of various laboratories that have used this process. This article also discusses the history of surrogate and microbial indicator use and outlines the method by which surrogates can be used when conducting a quantitative microbial risk assessment. The ultimate goal of selecting a sufficiently representative surrogate is to improve public health through a health-based risk assessment framework. Under- or overestimating the resistance, inactivation, or movement may negatively impact risk assessments that, in turn, will impact health assessments and estimated safety levels. Reducing uncertainty in a risk assessment is one of the objectives of using surrogates and the ultimate motive for any experiment investigating potential exposure of a pathogen.
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Details
- Title
- Criteria for Selection of Surrogates Used To Study the Fate and Control of Pathogens in the Environment
- Creators
- Ryan G Sinclair - Department of Environmental Health and Geoinformatic Sciences, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USAJoan B Rose - Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USASyed A Hashsham - Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USACharles P Gerba - Department of Soil, Water and Environmental Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USACharles N Haas - Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Publication Details
- Applied and environmental microbiology, Vol.78(6), pp.1969-1977
- Publisher
- American Society for Microbiology; 1752 N St., N.W., Washington, DC
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Language
- English
- Academic Unit
- Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering
- Identifiers
- 991014878083604721
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- Collaboration types
- Domestic collaboration
- Web of Science research areas
- Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
- Microbiology