Yoichiro Hirase (1859-1925) set himself up in business from 1887 as a shell dealer in Kyoto, Japan. Over the following 33 years, he built one of the world's first shell museums and produced and published the "Conchological Magazine" together with a number of books on the Mollusca. Perhaps the best known among the latter is Kai Chigusa, a title often erroneously cited as Kai Sen Shu. Sen shu is the nominal Japanese reading of the Kanji characters for "thousand" and "kinds", but Chigusa is a classical reading that is admittedly unfamiliar even to many modern-day Japanese. Hirase studied Chinese classics in his youth, however, and frequently used classical or poetic readins of Kanji characters.