DeepFocus: a transnasal approach for optimized deep brain stimulation of reward circuit nodes

We thank Dr Eric Wang, an otolaryngologist and an expert in endonasal and skull-base procedures, for helpful discussions on the feasibility of installation of olfactory cleft and sphenoid sinus electrodes, and Dr Alexander Yu, a skull-base neurosurgeon at AHN, on potential applications of this approach in functional neurosurgery. We thank Dr Raghav Shah and Dr Khaled Moussawi, clinicians and de-addiction experts, on discussions regarding potential use in treatment of substance-use disorder. We also thank Jenn Gooch for help with figure 1. This work was supported by The Assistant Secretary of Defense for Health Affairs endorsed by the Department of Defense, in the amount of ($258 606), through the Peer Reviewed Medical Research Program under Award No. HT9425-24-1-0018. Opinions, interpretations, conclusions, and recommendations are those of the author(s) and are not necessarily endorsed by The Assistant Secretary of Defense for Health Affairs endorsed by the Department of Defense. Yuxin Guo is supported by the Centre for Machine Learning and Health (CMLH) fellowship at Carnegie Mellon University. This material is also based upon work supported by the Chuck Noll Foundation for Brain Injury Research, and the Naval Information Warfare Center (NIWC) Atlantic and the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) under Contract No. N65236-19-C-8017. Any opinions, findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the NIWC Atlantic and DARPA.