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Depletion of dendritic cells enhances susceptibility to cell-free infection of human T cell leukemia virus type 1 in CD11c-diphtheria toxin receptor transgenic mice
Journal article   Open access   Peer reviewed

Depletion of dendritic cells enhances susceptibility to cell-free infection of human T cell leukemia virus type 1 in CD11c-diphtheria toxin receptor transgenic mice

Saifur Rahman, Sharrón L Manuel, Zafar K. Khan, Brian Wigdahl, Edward Acheampong, Frederic Tangy and Pooja Jain
The Journal of immunology (1950), v 184(10), pp 5553-61
15 May 2010
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.0903226
PMID: 20382884
Featured in Collection :   UN Sustainable Development Goals @ Drexel
url
https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.0903226View
Published, Version of Record (VoR)Maybe Open Access (Publisher Bronze),  Open

Abstract

Life Sciences Microbiology and Parasitology
Human T cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is associated with two immunologically distinct diseases: HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis and adult T cell leukemia. The genesis of these diseases is believed to be associated with the route (mucosa versus blood) and mode (cell-free versus cell-associated) of primary infection as well as the modulation of dendritic cell (DC) functions. To explore the role of DCs during early HTLV-1 infection in vivo, we used a chimeric HTLV-1 with a replaced envelope gene from Moloney murine leukemia virus to allow HTLV-1 to fuse with murine cells, which are generally not susceptible to infection with human retroviruses. We also used a CD11c-diphtheria toxin receptor transgenic mouse model system that permits conditional transient depletion of CD11c(+) DCs. We infected these transgenic mice with HTLV-1 using both cell-free and cell-associated infection routes in the absence and presence of DCs. The ablation of DCs led to an enhanced susceptibility to infection with cell-free but not cell-associated HTLV-1 in both CD4 and non-CD4 fractions, as measured by the proviral load. Infection with cell-free virus in the absence of DCs was also found to have increased levels of Tax mRNA in the non-CD4 fraction. Moreover, depletion of DCs significantly dampened the cellular immune response (IFN-gamma(+)CD8(+) T cells) against both cell-free and cell-associated virus. These results uniquely differentiate the involvement of DCs in early cell-free versus late cell-associated infection of HTLV-1 and highlight a significant aspect of viral immunopathogenesis related to the progression of adult T cell leukemia and HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis after the initial infection.

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Web of Science research areas
Immunology
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