Journal article
Direct Fabrication of Atomically Defined Pores in MXenes Using Feedback-Driven STEM
Small methods, v 8(12), e2400203
Dec 2024
PMID: 38803318
Featured in Collection : UN Sustainable Development Goals @ Drexel
Abstract
Controlled fabrication of nanopores in 2D materials offer the means to create robust membranes needed for ion transport and nanofiltration. Techniques for creating nanopores have relied upon either plasma etching or direct irradiation; however, aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) offers the advantage of combining a sub-& Aring; sized electron beam for atomic manipulation along with atomic resolution imaging. Here, a method for automated nanopore fabrication is utilized with real-time atomic visualization to enhance the mechanistic understanding of beam-induced transformations. Additionally, an electron beam simulation technique, Electron-Beam Simulator (E-BeamSim) is developed to observe the atomic movements and interactions resulting from electron beam irradiation. Using the MXene Ti3C2Tx, the influence of temperature on nanopore fabrication is explored by tracking atomic transformations and find that at room temperature the electron beam irradiation induces random displacement and results in titanium pileups at the nanopore edge, which is confirmed by E-BeamSim. At elevated temperatures, after removal of the surface functional groups and with the increased mobility of atoms results in atomic transformations that lead to the selective removal of atoms layer by layer. This work can lead to the development of defect engineering techniques within functionalized MXene layers and other 2D materials.
Using MXene, nanopore fabrication is explored by tracking atomic transformations through an automated STEM beam control system that allows for atomic visualization to enhance the mechanistic understanding of beam-induced transformations. Additionally, an electron beam simulation technique (E-BeamSim) is developed to observe atomic movements and interactions resulting from electron beam irradiation. image
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Details
- Title
- Direct Fabrication of Atomically Defined Pores in MXenes Using Feedback-Driven STEM
- Creators
- Matthew G. Boebinger - Oak Ridge National LaboratoryDundar E. Yilmaz - Penn State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USAAyana Ghosh - Oak Ridge National LaboratorySudhajit Misra - Oak Ridge National LaboratoryTyler S. Mathis - Drexel Univ, AJ Drexel Nanomat Inst, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USASergei V. Kalinin - University of Tennessee at KnoxvilleStephen Jesse - Oak Ridge National LaboratoryYury Gogotsi - Drexel University, Materials Science and EngineeringAdri C. T. van Duin - Pennsylvania State UniversityRaymond R. Unocic - Oak Ridge National Laboratory
- Publication Details
- Small methods, v 8(12), e2400203
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Number of pages
- 9
- Grant note
- Department of Energy; United States Department of Energy (DOE) Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences at Oak Ridge National Laboratory NSF; National Science Foundation (NSF) U.S. DOE; United States Department of Energy (DOE) Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science User Facility; United States Department of Energy (DOE) DE-AC05-00OR22725 / INTERSECT Initiative as part of the Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program of Oak Ridge National Laboratory U.S. DOE, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering; United States Department of Energy (DOE) DMR-1539916; DMR-2039351 / National Science Foundation (NSF) 2DCC-MIP / Fluid Interface, Reactions, Structures and Transport (FIRST) Center, an Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC) - U.S. DOE, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Language
- English
- Academic Unit
- Materials Science and Engineering
- Web of Science ID
- WOS:001232062700001
- Scopus ID
- 2-s2.0-85194584231
- Other Identifier
- 991021880395304721
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- Collaboration types
- Domestic collaboration
- Web of Science research areas
- Chemistry, Physical
- Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
- Nanoscience & Nanotechnology