In situ Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) techniques can potentially fill in gaps in the current understanding interfacial phenomena in complex oxides. Select multiferroic oxide materials. such as BiFeO3 (BFO), exhibit ferroelectric and magnetic order, and the two order parameters are coupled through a quantum-mechanical exchange interaction. The magneto-electric coupling in BFO allows control of the ferroelectric and magnetic domain structures via applied electric fields. Because of these unique properties, BFO and other magneto-electric multiferroics constitute a promising class of materials for incorporation into devices such as high-density ferroelectric and magnetoresistive memories, spin valves, and magnetic field sensors. The magneto-electric coupling in BFO is mediated by volatile ferroelastically switched domains that make it difficult to incorporate this material into devices.
To facilitate device integration, an understanding of the microstructural factors that affect ferroelastic relaxation and ferroelectric domain switching must be developed. In this article, a method of viewing ferroelectric (and ferroelastic) domain dynamics using in situ biasing in TEM is presented. The evolution of ferroelastically switched ferroelectric domains in BFO thin films during many switching cycles is investigated. Evidence of partial domain nucleation, propagation, and switching even at applied electric fields below the estimated coercive field is revealed. Our observations indicate that the occurrence of ferroelastic relaxation in switched domains and the stability of these domains is influenced the applied field as well as the BFO microstructure. These biasing experiments provide a real time view of the complex dynamics of domain switching and complement scanning probe techniques. Quantitative information about domain switching under bias in ferroelectric and multiferroic materials can be extracted from in situ TEM to provide a predictive tool for future device development. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Direct observation of ferroelectric domain switching in varying electric field regimes using in situ TEM
Creators
C. R. Winkler - Drexel University
A. R. Damodaran - University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
J. Karthik - University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
L. W. Martin - University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
M. L. Taheri - Drexel University
Publication Details
Micron (Oxford, England : 1993), v 43(11), pp 1121-1126
Publisher
Elsevier
Number of pages
6
Grant note
DE-FG02-07ER46453; DE-FG02-07ER46471 / U.S. Department of Energy; United States Department of Energy (DOE)
CMMI-1031403 / National Science Foundation; National Science Foundation (NSF)
N00014-1101-0296; N00014-10-10525 / Office of Naval Research
W911NF-10-1-0482 / Army Research Office
Resource Type
Journal article
Language
English
Web of Science ID
WOS:000308451200007
Scopus ID
2-s2.0-84864795237
Other Identifier
991019335324304721
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