Journal article
Dissociations in Cortical Morphometry in Youth with Down Syndrome: Evidence for Reduced Surface Area but Increased Thickness
Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. 1991), v 26(7), pp 2982-2990
Jul 2016
PMID: 26088974
Featured in Collection : UN Sustainable Development Goals @ Drexel
Abstract
Detailed descriptions of cortical anatomy in youth with Down syndrome (DS), the most common genetic cause of intellectual disability (ID), are scant. Thus, the current study examined deviations in cortical thickness (CT) and surface area (SA), at high spatial resolution, in youth with DS, to identify focal differences relative to typically developing (TD) youth. Participants included 31 youth with DS and 45 age- and sex-matched TD controls (mean age ∼16 years; range = 5-24 years). All participants completed T1-weighted ASSET-calibrated magnetization prepared rapid gradient echo scans on a 3-T magnetic resonance imaging scanner. Replicating prior investigations, cortical volume was reduced in DS compared with controls. However, a novel dissociation for SA and CT was found-namely, SA was reduced (predominantly in frontal and temporal regions) while CT was increased (notably in several regions thought to belong to the default mode network; DMN). These findings suggest that reductions in SA rather than CT are driving the cortical volume reductions reported in prior investigations of DS. Moreover, given the link between DMN functionality and Alzheimer's symptomatology in chromosomally typical populations, future DS studies may benefit from focusing on the cortex in DMN regions, as such investigations may provide clues to the precocious onset of Alzheimer's disease in this at-risk group.
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Details
- Title
- Dissociations in Cortical Morphometry in Youth with Down Syndrome: Evidence for Reduced Surface Area but Increased Thickness
- Creators
- Nancy Raitano Lee - Drexel UniversityElizabeth I Adeyemi - Child Psychiatry Branch.Amy Lin - Child Psychiatry Branch.Liv S Clasen - Child Psychiatry Branch.François M Lalonde - Child Psychiatry BranchEllen Condon - National Institute of Mental HealthDavid I Driver - Child Psychiatry Branch.Philip Shaw - National Human Genome Research InstituteNitin Gogtay - Child Psychiatry Branch.Armin Raznahan - Child Psychiatry Branch.Jay N Giedd - University of California, San Diego
- Publication Details
- Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. 1991), v 26(7), pp 2982-2990
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Language
- English
- Academic Unit
- Psychological and Brain Sciences (Psychology)
- Web of Science ID
- WOS:000383200500004
- Scopus ID
- 2-s2.0-84981249262
- Other Identifier
- 991019167850304721
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- Collaboration types
- Domestic collaboration
- Web of Science research areas
- Neurosciences