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Journal article
Diversity dynamics of microfossils from the Cretaceous to the Neogene show mixed responses to events
PALAEONTOLOGY, v 65(4), e12615
Jul 2022
PMID: 36248238
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Abstract
Microfossils have a ubiquitous and well-studied fossil record with temporally and spatially fluctuating diversity, but how this arises and how major events affect speciation and extinction is uncertain. We present one of the first applications of PyRate to a micropalaeontological global occurrence dataset, reconstructing diversification rates within a Bayesian framework from the Mesozoic to the Neogene in four microfossil groups: planktic foraminiferans, calcareous nannofossils, radiolarians and diatoms. Calcareous and siliceous groups demonstrate opposed but inconsistent responses in diversification. Radiolarian origination increases from c. 104 Ma, maintaining high rates into the Cenozoic. Calcareous microfossil diversification rates significantly declines across the Cretaceous-Palaeogene boundary, while rates in siliceous microfossil groups remain stable until the Paleocene-Eocene transition. Diversification rates in the Cenozoic are largely stable in calcareous groups, whereas the Palaeogene is a turbulent time for diatoms. Diversification fluctuations are driven by climate change and fluctuations in sea surface temperatures, leading to different responses in the groups generating calcareous or siliceous microfossils. Extinctions are apparently induced by changes in anoxia, acidification and stratification; speciation tends to be associated with upwelling, productivity and ocean circulation. These results invite further micropalaeontological quantitative analysis and study of the effects of major transitions in the fossil record. Despite extensive occurrence data, regional diversification events were not recovered; neither were some global events. These unexpected results show the need to consider multiple spatiotemporal levels of diversity and diversification analyses and imply that occurrence datasets of different clades may be more appropriate for testing some hypotheses than others.
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Details
- Title
- Diversity dynamics of microfossils from the Cretaceous to the Neogene show mixed responses to events
- Publication Details
- PALAEONTOLOGY, v 65(4), e12615
- Publisher
- WILEY; HOBOKEN
- Grant note
- We would like to thank D. Schmidt and the entire Micropalaeontology group at the University of Bristol for their continued support, thought-provoking discussion, and useful feedback during the preparation of this manuscript. We thank D. Silvestro for answering our queries regarding PyRate and its functioning. Thank you to D. Lazarus and J. Renaudie for granting us access to NSB and pointing us in the direction of useful literature. We also extend our thanks to the shipboard scientists, drilling crews and technical staff for making this research possible. We thank the reviewers who took the time to critically read and review our manuscript; their comments and suggestions helped improve and refine this manuscript. BCM is funded by NERC BETR grant NE/P013724/1 and ERC grant 788203 (INNOVATION). AJF received funding from the University of Bristol Vice Chancellor's Fellowship.
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Language
- English
- Academic Unit
- Drexel University
- Web of Science ID
- WOS:000825833900001
- Scopus ID
- 2-s2.0-85136940257
- Other Identifier
- 991021861177704721
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- Collaboration types
- Domestic collaboration
- International collaboration
- Web of Science research areas
- Paleontology