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Accepted (AM)Open Access (License Unspecified), Open
Journal article
Effect of Vergence/Accommodative Therapy on Attention in Children with Convergence Insufficiency: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Optometry and vision science, v 98(3), pp 222-233
01 Mar 2021
PMID: 33771952
Featured in Collection : UN Sustainable Development Goals @ Drexel
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE
The results of this study suggest that clinicians providing vergence/accommodative therapy for convergence insufficiency in children should not suggest that such treatment will lead to improvements in attention when compared with placebo treatment. PURPOSE
This study aimed to compare the effects of 16 weeks of vergence/accommodative therapy and placebo therapy on changes in attention for children in the Convergence Insufficiency Treatment Trial-Attention and Reading Trial. METHODS
Three hundred ten children 9 to 14 years old with convergence insufficiency were assigned to receive treatment with office-based vergence/accommodative therapy or placebo therapy. Attention tests were administered at baseline and after 16 weeks of treatment. The primary measure of attention was the Strengths and Weaknesses of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms and Normal Behavior (SWAN) scale. Other measures included the Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham checklist; the Homework Problems Checklist; and the d2 Test of Attention. Within and between-group differences are reported using Cohen d effect sizes. RESULTS
For the SWAN, there was no significant difference between the groups for the inattention scale parental report (d = 0.036; 95% confidence interval, -0.21 to 0.28) or for the hyperactivity impulsivity scale parental report (d = -0.003; 95% confidence interval, -0.24 to 0.24). Similar results were found for teacher reports and the secondary measures (d estimates from -0.97 to +0.10). There were, however, large within-group changes with d >= 1 in both treatment groups for the SWAN, the Homework Problems Checklist, and the d2 Test of Attention. CONCLUSIONS
These results suggest that vergence/accommodative therapy is no better than placebo therapy in improving attention. Large improvements in inattention, completing homework, and selective and sustained attention were found in each group. However, these improvements cannot be attributed to improvements in vergence and accommodation and are likely due to nonspecific effects of an intensive therapy regimen.
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Details
- Title
- Effect of Vergence/Accommodative Therapy on Attention in Children with Convergence Insufficiency: A Randomized Clinical Trial
- Creators
- Eric Borsting - Marshall B. Ketchum UniversityL. Eugene Arnold - The Ohio State UniversityG. Lynn Mitchell - The Ohio State UniversityMarjean Kulp - The Ohio State UniversityMitchell Scheiman - The Ohio State UniversitySusan Cotter - Marshall B. Ketchum UniversityMichael Gallaway - Salus UniversityIngryd Lorenzana - Adv Vis Care, Los Angeles, CA USAChristopher Chase - Western Univ Hlth Sci, Coll Optometry, Richmond, ON, CanadaLisa Jones-Jordan - The Ohio State UniversityRichard Hertle - Akron Childrens Hosp, Akron, OH 44308 USAJeffrey Cooper - SUNY Coll Optometry, New York, NY USAErica Schulman - SUNY Coll Optometry, New York, NY USAKimberly Hamian - SUNY Coll Optometry, New York, NY USADanielle Iacono - SUNY Coll Optometry, New York, NY USASteven Larson - SUNY Coll Optometry, New York, NY USAValerie Leung - SUNY Coll Optometry, New York, NY USASara Meeder - SUNY Coll Optometry, New York, NY USAElaine Ramos - SUNY Coll Optometry, New York, NY USASteven Ritter - SUNY Coll Optometry, New York, NY USAAudra Steiner - SUNY Coll Optometry, New York, NY USAAlexandria Stormann - SUNY Coll Optometry, New York, NY USAMarilyn Vricella - SUNY Coll Optometry, New York, NY USAXiaoying Zhu - SUNY Coll Optometry, New York, NY USASusanna Tamkins - Bascom Palmer Eye Inst, Miami, FL USANaomi Aguilera - Bascom Palmer Eye Inst, Miami, FL USAElliot Brafman - Bascom Palmer Eye Inst, Miami, FL USAHilda Capo - Bascom Palmer Eye Inst, Miami, FL USAKara Cavuoto - Bascom Palmer Eye Inst, Miami, FL USAIsaura Crespo - Bascom Palmer Eye Inst, Miami, FL USAMonica Dowling - Bascom Palmer Eye Inst, Miami, FL USAKristie Draskovic - Bascom Palmer Eye Inst, Miami, FL USAMiriam Farag - Bascom Palmer Eye Inst, Miami, FL USAVicky Fischer - Bascom Palmer Eye Inst, Miami, FL USASara Grace - Bascom Palmer Eye Inst, Miami, FL USAAilen GutierrezCarolina Manchola Orozco - Bascom Palmer Eye Inst, Miami, FL USAMaria Martinez - Bascom Palmer Eye Inst, Miami, FL USAOraig McKeownCarla OsigianTuyet-Suong - Bascom Palmer Eye Inst, Miami, FL USALeslie Small - Bascom Palmer Eye Inst, Miami, FL USANatalie Townsend - Bascom Palmer Eye Inst, Miami, FL USAMark Boas - Penn Coll Optometry, Elkins Pk, PA USAChristine Calvert - Penn Coll Optometry, Elkins Pk, PA USATara Franz - Penn Coll Optometry, Elkins Pk, PA USAAmanda Gerrouge - Penn Coll Optometry, Elkins Pk, PA USADonna Hayden - Penn Coll Optometry, Elkins Pk, PA USAErin Jenewein - Penn Coll Optometry, Elkins Pk, PA USAZachary Margolies - Penn Coll Optometry, Elkins Pk, PA USAShivakhaami Meiyeppen - Penn Coll Optometry, Elkins Pk, PA USAJenny Myung - Penn Coll Optometry, Elkins Pk, PA USAKaren Pollack - Penn Coll Optometry, Elkins Pk, PA USARuth Shoge - Penn Coll Optometry, Elkins Pk, PA USAAndrew Tang - Penn Coll Optometry, Elkins Pk, PA USANoah Tannen - Penn Coll Optometry, Elkins Pk, PA USALynn Trieu - Penn Coll Optometry, Elkins Pk, PA USALuis Trujillo - Penn Coll Optometry, Elkins Pk, PA USAMichelle Buckland - The Ohio State UniversityAllison Ellis - The Ohio State UniversityJennifer Fogt - The Ohio State UniversityCatherine McDaniel - The Ohio State UniversityTaylor McGann - The Ohio State UniversityAnn Morrison - The Ohio State UniversityShane Mulvihill - The Ohio State UniversityAdam PeifferMaureen Plaumann - The Ohio State UniversityGil Pierce - The Ohio State UniversityJulie Preston - The Ohio State UniversityKathleen Reuter - The Ohio State UniversityNancy Stevens - The Ohio State UniversityJake Teeny - The Ohio State UniversityAndrew Toole - The Ohio State UniversityDouglas Widmer - The Ohio State UniversityAaron Zimmerman - The Ohio State UniversityCarmen Barnhardt - Southern Calif Coll Optometry, Fullerton, CA USAAngela Chen - Southern Calif Coll Optometry, Fullerton, CA USARaymond Chu - Southern Calif Coll Optometry, Fullerton, CA USAKristine Huang - Southern Calif Coll Optometry, Fullerton, CA USASusan Parker - Southern Calif Coll Optometry, Fullerton, CA USADashaini Retnasothie - Southern Calif Coll Optometry, Fullerton, CA USAJudith Wu - Southern Calif Coll Optometry, Fullerton, CA USAPenny Clark - Akron Childrens Hosp, Akron, OH USAKelly Culp - Akron Childrens Hosp, Akron, OH USAKathy Fraley - Akron Childrens Hosp, Akron, OH USADrusilla Grant - Akron Childrens Hosp, Akron, OH USANancy Hanna - Akron Childrens Hosp, Akron, OH USAStephanie Knox - Akron Childrens Hosp, Akron, OH USAWilliam Lawhon - Akron Childrens Hosp, Akron, OH USASarah Mitcheff - Akron Childrens Hosp, Akron, OH USAIsabel Ricker - Akron Childrens Hosp, Akron, OH USATawna Roberts - Akron Childrens Hosp, Akron, OH USACasandra Solis - Akron Childrens Hosp, Akron, OH USAPalak Wall - Akron Childrens Hosp, Akron, OH USASamantha Zaczyk - Akron Childrens Hosp, Akron, OH USAKristine Hopkins - Universidade AbertaWendy Marsh-Tootle - Universidade AbertaMichelle Bowen - Universidade AbertaTerri Call - Universidade AbertaKristy Domnanovich - Universidade AbertaMarcela Frazier - Universidade AbertaNicole Guyette - Universidade AbertaOakley Hayes - Universidade AbertaJohn Houser - Universidade AbertaSarah Lee - Universidade AbertaJenifer Montejo - Universidade AbertaTamara Oechslin - Universidade AbertaChristian Spain - Universidade AbertaCandice Turner - Universidade AbertaKatherine Weise - Universidade AbertaRachel Coulter - Nova Southeastern UniversityDeborah Amster - Nova Southeastern UniversityAnnette Bade - Nova Southeastern UniversitySurbhi Barisal - Nova Southeastern UniversityLaura Falco - Nova Southeastern UniversityGregory Fecho - Nova Southeastern UniversityKatherine Green - Nova Southeastern UniversityGabriela Irizarry - Nova Southeastern UniversityJasleen Jhajj - Nova Southeastern UniversityNicole Patterson - Nova Southeastern UniversityJacqueline Rodena - Nova Southeastern UniversityYin Tea - Nova Southeastern UniversityJulie Tyler - Nova Southeastern UniversityDana Weiss - Nova Southeastern UniversityLauren Zakaib - Nova Southeastern UniversityYesena MezaRyan MannMariana QuezadaScott ReinIndre RudaitisSusan StapletonBeata WajsMaryann RedfordCarolyn DentonSharyl WeeKatlynn Dahl-LeonardKenneth PowersAmber AlanizMarie Diener-WestWilliam GoodDavid GrishamChristopher J. KratochvilDennis RevickiJeanne WanzekMustafa AlrahemJulianne DangeloJordan HegedusIan JonesLisa A. Jones-JordanAlexander JunglasJihyun LeeJadin NettlesCurtis MitchellMawada OsmanGloria Scott-TibbsLoraine SinnottChloe TeasleyVictor VangRobin VargheseCITT-ART Investigator Grp
- Publication Details
- Optometry and vision science, v 98(3), pp 222-233
- Publisher
- Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
- Number of pages
- 12
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Language
- English
- Academic Unit
- Pennsylvania College of Optometry (PCO)
- Web of Science ID
- WOS:000636655100008
- Scopus ID
- 2-s2.0-85103610041
- Other Identifier
- 991021900019304721
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- Collaboration types
- Domestic collaboration
- International collaboration
- Web of Science research areas
- Ophthalmology