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Effect of neuronal nitric oxide synthase inhibition on CA 2+/calmodulin kinase kinase and CA 2+/calmodulin kinase IV activity during hypoxia in cortical nuclei of newborn piglets
Journal article   Peer reviewed

Effect of neuronal nitric oxide synthase inhibition on CA 2+/calmodulin kinase kinase and CA 2+/calmodulin kinase IV activity during hypoxia in cortical nuclei of newborn piglets

A.B Zubrow, M Delivoria-Papadopoulos, K.I Fritz and O.P Mishra
Neuroscience, v 125(4), pp 937-945
2004
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroscience.2004.02.027
Featured in Collection :   UN Sustainable Development Goals @ Drexel

Abstract

Ca 2+/calmodulin kinase IV Ca 2+/calmodulin kinase kinase cerebral cortex hypoxia nitric oxide nitric oxide synthase
The present study tests the hypothesis that cerebral tissue hypoxia results in increased Ca 2+/calmodulin (CaM) kinase kinase activity and that the administration of nitric oxide synthase inhibitors ( N-nitro- l-arginine [NNLA], or 7-nitroindazole sodium [7-NINA]) prior to the onset of hypoxia will prevent the hypoxia-induced increase in the enzyme activity. To test this hypothesis, CaM kinase kinase and CaM kinase IV activities were determined in normoxic, hypoxic, NNLA-treated hypoxic, and 7-NINA-treated hypoxic piglets. Hypoxia was induced (FiO 2=0.05−0.08×1 h) and confirmed biochemically by tissue levels of ATP and phosphocreatine. CaM kinase kinase activity was determined in a medium containing protein kinase and phosphatase inhibitors, calmodulin, and a specifically designed CaM kinase kinase target peptide. CaM kinase IV activity was determined by 33P-incorporation into syntide-2 in a buffer containing protein kinase and phosphatase inhibitors. Compared with normoxic animals, ATP and phosphocreatine levels were significantly lower in all hypoxic piglets whether or not pretreated with nitric oxide synthase inhibitors. There was a significant difference among CaM kinase kinase activity (pmol/mg protein/min) in normoxic (76.84±14.1), hypoxic (138.86±18.2, P<0.05 vs normoxia), NNLA-pretreated hypoxic (91.34±19.3; P=NS vs normoxia, P<0.05 vs hypoxia) and 7-NINA-pretreated hypoxic animals (100.12±23.3; P=NS vs normoxia, P<0.05 vs hypoxia). There was a significant difference among CaM kinase IV activity (pmol/mg protein/min) in normoxia (1270.80±126.1), hypoxia (2680.80±136.7; P<0.05 vs normoxia), NNLA-pretreated hypoxia (1666.00±154.8; P<0.05 vs normoxia, P<0.05 vs hypoxia), and 7-NINA-pretreated hypoxic (1712.9±231.5; P=NS vs normoxia, P<0.05 vs hypoxia). We conclude that the hypoxia-induced increase in CaM kinase kinase and CaM kinase IV activity is mediated by neuronal NOS-derived NO.

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