Journal article
Effectiveness of an Unsupervised Primaquine Regimen for Preventing Plasmodium vivax Malaria Relapses in Northeast Myanmar: A Single-Arm Nonrandomized Observational Study
The Journal of infectious diseases, v 229(5), pp 1557-1564
15 May 2024
PMID: 38041857
Featured in Collection : UN Sustainable Development Goals @ Drexel
Abstract
Plasmodium vivax presents a significant challenge for malaria elimination in the Greater Mekong Subregion. We evaluated the effectiveness of primaquine for reducing relapses of vivax malaria.
Patients with uncomplicated P vivax malaria from eastern Myanmar received chloroquine (25-mg base/kg given in 3 days) plus unsupervised PQ (0.25 mg/kg/d for 14 days) without screening for glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency and were followed for a year.
A total of 556 patients were enrolled to receive the chloroquine/primaquine treatment from February 2012 to August 2013. During the follow-up, 38 recurrences were detected, presenting a cumulative recurrence rate of 9.1% (95% CI, 4.1%-14.1%). Genotyping at the pvmsp1 and pvmsp3α loci by amplicon deep sequencing and model prediction indicated that 13 of the 27 recurrences with genotyping data were likely due to relapses. Notably, all confirmed relapses occurred within the first 6 months.
The unsupervised standard dose of primaquine was highly effective as a radical cure for P vivax malaria in eastern Myanmar. The high presumed effectiveness might have benefited from the health messages delivered during the enrollment and follow-up activities. Six-month follow-ups in the Greater Mekong Subregion are sufficient for detecting most relapses.
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Details
- Title
- Effectiveness of an Unsupervised Primaquine Regimen for Preventing Plasmodium vivax Malaria Relapses in Northeast Myanmar: A Single-Arm Nonrandomized Observational Study
- Creators
- Pallavi Malla (Corresponding Author) - University of South FloridaZenglei Wang - Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeAwtum Brashear - Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of MedicineZhaoqing Yang - Kunming Medical UniversityEugenia Lo - Drexel University, Microbiology and ImmunologyKevin Baird - Eijkman Institute for Molecular BiologyChengqi Wang - University of South FloridaLiwang Cui - University of South Florida
- Publication Details
- The Journal of infectious diseases, v 229(5), pp 1557-1564
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press
- Grant note
- U19AI089672 / NIH HHS National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases U19 AI089672 / NIAID NIH HHS
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Language
- English
- Academic Unit
- Microbiology and Immunology
- Web of Science ID
- WOS:001130120200001
- Scopus ID
- 2-s2.0-85193310937
- Other Identifier
- 991021861203304721
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- Collaboration types
- Domestic collaboration
- International collaboration
- Web of Science research areas
- Immunology
- Infectious Diseases
- Microbiology