Journal article
Effects of Chatbot Components to Facilitate Mental Health Services Use in Individuals With Eating Disorders Following Online Screening: An Optimization Randomized Controlled Trial
The International journal of eating disorders, v 57(11), pp 2204-2216
Nov 2024
PMID: 39072846
Featured in Collection : UN Sustainable Development Goals @ Drexel
Abstract
ObjectiveFew individuals with eating disorders (EDs) receive treatment. Innovations are needed to identify individuals with EDs and address care barriers. We developed a chatbot for promoting services uptake that could be paired with online screening. However, it is not yet known which components drive effects. This study estimated individual and combined contributions of four chatbot components on mental health services use (primary), chatbot helpfulness, and attitudes toward changing eating/shape/weight concerns ("change attitudes," with higher scores indicating greater importance/readiness).MethodsTwo hundred five individuals screening with an ED but not in treatment were randomized in an optimization randomized controlled trial to receive up to four chatbot components: psychoeducation, motivational interviewing, personalized service recommendations, and repeated administration (follow-up check-ins/reminders). Assessments were at baseline and 2, 6, and 14 weeks.ResultsParticipants who received repeated administration were more likely to report mental health services use, with no significant effects of other components on services use. Repeated administration slowed the decline in change attitudes participants experienced over time. Participants who received motivational interviewing found the chatbot more helpful, but this component was also associated with larger declines in change attitudes. Participants who received personalized recommendations found the chatbot more helpful, and receiving this component on its own was associated with the most favorable change attitude time trend. Psychoeducation showed no effects.DiscussionResults indicated important effects of components on outcomes; findings will be used to finalize decision making about the optimized intervention package. The chatbot shows high potential for addressing the treatment gap for EDs.
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Details
- Title
- Effects of Chatbot Components to Facilitate Mental Health Services Use in Individuals With Eating Disorders Following Online Screening: An Optimization Randomized Controlled Trial
- Creators
- Ellen E. Fitzsimmons-Craft (Corresponding Author) - Washington University in St. LouisGavin N. Rackoff - Pennsylvania State UniversityJillian Shah - Washington University in St. LouisJillian C. Strayhorn - New York UniversityLaura D'Adamo - College Station Medical CenterBianca Depietro - Washington University in St. LouisCarli P. Howe - Washington University in St. LouisMarie-Laure Firebaugh - College Station Medical CenterMichelle G. Newman - Pennsylvania State UniversityLinda M. Collins - New York UniversityC. Barr Taylor - Palo Alto UniversityDenise E. Wilfley - Washington University in St. Louis
- Publication Details
- The International journal of eating disorders, v 57(11), pp 2204-2216
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Number of pages
- 13
- Grant note
- K08 MH120341; R01 MH115128-04S1 / National Institute of Mental Health; United States Department of Health & Human Services; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) T32 HL130357 / National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; United States Department of Health & Human Services; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Heart Lung & Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Language
- English
- Academic Unit
- Psychological and Brain Sciences (Psychology); Center for Weight, Eating and Lifestyle Science (WELL) [Historical]
- Web of Science ID
- WOS:001278714300001
- Scopus ID
- 2-s2.0-85200044004
- Other Identifier
- 991022202500004721
UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
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Source: SDGs in the Output
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- Collaboration types
- Domestic collaboration
- Web of Science research areas
- Nutrition & Dietetics
- Psychiatry
- Psychology
- Psychology, Clinical