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Journal article
Effects of HIV and Early Life Stress on Amygdala Morphometry and Neurocognitive Function
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, v 18(4), pp 657-668
01 Jul 2012
PMID: 22621973
Featured in Collection : UN Sustainable Development Goals @ Drexel
Abstract
Both HIV infection and high levels of early life stress (ELS) have been related to abnormalities in frontal-subcortical structures, yet the combined effects of HIV and ELS on brain structure and function have not been previously investigated. In this study we assessed 49 non-demented HIV-seropositive (HIV+) and 47 age-matched HIV-seronegative healthy control (HC) adults. Levels of ELS exposure were quantified and used to define four HIV-ELS groups: HC Low-ELS (N = 20); HC High-ELS (N = 27); HIV+ Low-ELS (N = 24); HIV+ High-ELS (N = 25). An automated segmentation tool measured volumes of brain structures known to show HIV-related or ELS-related effects; a brief neurocognitive battery was administered. A significant HIV-ELS interaction was observed for amygdala volumes, which was driven by enlargements in HIV+ High-ELS participants. The HIV+ High-ELS group also demonstrated significant reductions in psychomotor/processing speed compared with HC Low-ELS. Regression analyses in the HIV+ group revealed that amygdala enlargements were associated with higher ELS, lower nadir CD4 counts, and reduced psychomotor/processing speed. Our results suggest that HIV infection and high ELS interact to increase amygdala volume, which is associated with neurocognitive dysfunction in HIV+ patients. These findings highlight the lasting neuropathological influence of ELS and suggest that high ELS may be a significant risk factor for neurocognitive impairment in HIV-infected individuals. (JINS, 2012, 18, 657-668)
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Details
- Title
- Effects of HIV and Early Life Stress on Amygdala Morphometry and Neurocognitive Function
- Creators
- Uraina S. Clark - Brown UniversityRonald A. Cohen - Brown UniversityLawrence H. Sweet - Brown UniversityAssawin Gongvatana - Brown UniversityKathryn N. Devlin - Miriam HospitalGeorge N. Hana - Miriam HospitalMichelle L. Westbrook - Miriam HospitalRichard C. Mulligan - Brown UniversityBeth A. Jerskey - Brown UniversityTara L. White - Brown UniversityBradford Navia - Tufts UniversityKaren T. Tashima - Miriam Hospital
- Publication Details
- Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, v 18(4), pp 657-668
- Publisher
- Cambridge Univ Press
- Number of pages
- 12
- Grant note
- R25 MH080663; R01 MH074368-02S1; R01 MH074368-02 / National Institute of Mental Health; United States Department of Health & Human Services; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) R01MH074368 / NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL HEALTH; United States Department of Health & Human Services; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) P30 AI042853 / Lifespan/Brown/Tufts Center for AIDS P30AI042853 / NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES; United States Department of Health & Human Services; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Institute of Allergy & Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Language
- English
- Academic Unit
- Psychological and Brain Sciences (Psychology)
- Web of Science ID
- WOS:000306714600004
- Scopus ID
- 2-s2.0-84863690516
- Other Identifier
- 991021448042904721
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- Collaboration types
- Domestic collaboration
- Web of Science research areas
- Clinical Neurology
- Neurosciences
- Psychiatry
- Psychology