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Elevated plasma viscosity in extreme hemodilution increases perivascular nitric oxide concentration and microvascular perfusion
Journal article   Peer reviewed

Elevated plasma viscosity in extreme hemodilution increases perivascular nitric oxide concentration and microvascular perfusion

Amy G Tsai, Cesar Acero, Patricia R Nance, Pedro Cabrales, John A Frangos, Donald G Buerk and Marcos Intaglietta
American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology, v 288(4), pp H1730-1739
Apr 2005
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00998.2004
PMID: 15576432
Featured in Collection :   UN Sustainable Development Goals @ Drexel

Abstract

Animals Arterioles - physiology Blood Pressure - physiology Blood Viscosity - drug effects Blood Viscosity - physiology Capillaries - physiology Cricetinae Dextrans - pharmacology Hemodilution Mesocricetus Nitric Oxide - metabolism Nitric Oxide Synthase - metabolism Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III Osmotic Pressure Oxygen - blood Plasma Substitutes - pharmacology Skin - blood supply Stress, Mechanical Venules - physiology
We tested the hypothesis that high-viscosity (HV) plasma in extreme hemodilution causes wall shear stress to be greater than low-viscosity (LV) plasma, leading to enhanced production of nitric oxide (NO). The perivascular concentration of NO was measured in arterioles and venules and the tissue of the hamster chamber window model, subjected to acute extreme hemodilution, with a hematocrit (Hct) of 11% using Dextran 500 (n = 6) or Dextran 70 (n = 5) with final plasma viscosities of 1.99 +/- 0.11 and 1.33 +/- 0.04 cp, respectively. HV plasma significantly increased the periarteriolar, perivenular, and tissue NO concentration by 2.0, 1.9, and 1.4 times the control (n = 7). The NO concentration with LV plasma was not statistically different from control. Arteriolar shear stress was significantly increased in HV plasma relative to LV plasma in arterioles but not in venules. Aortic endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) protein expression was increased with HV plasma but not with LV plasma. There was a weak correlation between perivascular NO concentration and the locally calculated shear stress induced by the procedures, when blood viscosity was corrected according to Hct values previously determined in studies of microvascular Hct distribution. The finding that the periarteriolar and venular NO concentration in HV plasma was the same although arteriolar shear stress was significantly greater than venular shear stress maybe be due to differences in vessel wall metabolism between arterioles and venules and the presence of NO transport through the blood stream in the microcirculation. Results support the concept that in extreme hemodilution HV plasma maintains functional capillary density through a NO-mediated vasodilatation.

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Collaboration types
Domestic collaboration
Web of Science research areas
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Physiology
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